Background and Purpose: Pain perception with arteriovenous fistula (AVF) cannulation is a major concern among patients undergoing hemodialysis. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of cryotherapy and placebo in the reduction of AVF puncture-related pain in hemodialysis patients. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 50 patients undergoing hemodialysis selected via rand...

Background and purpose: Median epidural block is often done with some difficulty due to pain, ossification of interspinous ligament and improper positioning of patient. Ïn addition, back pain is common with median approach, that may be due to puncture of ligaments on the line of epidural needle passage. Ïn paramedian approach needle dose not pass through ligaments, so back pain can be theoret...

 Aims and background: People respond to chronic pain in various ways and pain adjustment is not the same in different individuals. The aim of the current study is the assessment of the level of chronic pain adjustment in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients based on the quality of life, physical disability, and the level of their depression. In addition, the role of three variables, pain catas...

Introduction: Burns are one of the most destructive injuries and one of the most common psychological problems in patients affected by burns is pain anxiety. The most common treatment for burn problems is medication and drug therapy, but recently emerging therapies such as 3D virtual reality have been used to reduce the severity and anxiety of pain. the purpose of this study was to compare the ...

Introduction: Patients with kidney failure undergoing hemodialysis are frequently exposed to the hemodialysis needles are inserted into the arteriovenous fistulas; one of the important interventions in nursing care is use of nonpharmacological interventions for relief pain. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare the effect of cryotherapy and acupressure on the pain intensity of needle ...

Pain is common symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS) which is experienced by the sufferers in all stages of the disease. Therefore, multidimensional and comprehensive treatments are necessary in order to reduce the pain; via programs including of pain management. The aim of this study was to investigate effect of the pain management programs in reducing the pain symptoms in patients with MS. 10 M...

Focusing on the somatic sensations is one of the main characteristics of alexithymia. Alexithymic individuals tend to misinterpret these sensa-tions as signs of physical illness. A number of studies have shown that patients with chronic pain express their feelings through physical signs. Positive and negative affects as principal dimensions of emotional expe-riences are among emotions related t...