In order to investigate the effect of different levels of rapeseed meal on performance and content of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in broiler chickens’ blood, 640 1-d-old Ross male broiler chickens were studied through a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement including 4 levels of rapeseed meal (RSM) (0, 5, 10 and 15 percent) and two levels of enzyme (0 and 0...

Paraquat poisoning is very severe. Most victims, including those who have ingested a small amount, will die from Paraquat poisoning. The cause of death in the majority of such cases is lung fibrosis. Paraquat poisoning in patients with positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection status has seldom been reported. Herein, we report a case of an HIV patient with Paraquat poisoning who had...

The toxic effect of herbicides on non- target microorganisms may influence degradation of organic matter resulting in changes to nutrient cycling. In the present study, different strains of bacteria incubated in media containing different concentrations of glyphosate and paraquat were assessed over a period of two incubation terms. The deleterious impact of the herbicide was observed as glyphos...

Background: Herbicides are widely used in agriculture to kill a large variety of unwanted weeds. However, the application in water ecosystems may pose harmful impacts on the health of aquatic organisms. We studied the acute toxicity of four major types of herbicides on the survival of adult shrimp, Artemia franciscana (AF). Methods: The brine shrimp, AF, was hatched from the commercially encys...

Paraquat is a pesticide widely used in agriculture. Numerous cases of paraquat intoxication have been reported either accidentally or intentionally as a suicidal attempt. The most severe cases of paraquat poisoning refer to oral ingestion. Complications include respiratory, hepatic, and renal failure, and are usually fatal. Dermal exposure is less frequent and rarely fatal. This article reports...

Plasma-paraquat concentrations were measured in 79 patients who had ingested liquid or granular weedkillers containing paraquat. At any given time after ingestion, the plasma-paraquat concentrations in the patients who died usually exceeded those in the survivors. It is suggested that measurement of plasma-paraquat concentrations is useful in assessing the severity and predicting the outcome of...

Background: There is a high prevalence of intentional paraquat poisoning especially for suicide reported from many part of the world, with its negative effects on the lungs, kidneys, heart, and digestive system. This study was planned, aimed at investigating the efficacy of sucralfate in the treatment of oral paraquat poisoning with respect to its clinical outcomes. Methods: A randomized doubl...

The effect of aqueous smoke extract, derived from Tanacetum parthenium, onin vitro plantlet regeneration from rapeseed (Brassica napus L. cv. Topas)microspore-derived embryos (MDEs) was evaluated in this study. Inoculation ofrapeseed MDEs with the smoke-extract dilutions (1:250, 1:500, 1:1000 and 1:2000)for various times (5, 10 and 15 min) significantly enhanced the percentage ofregenerated pla...

Superoxide anion generation plays an important role in the development of paraquat toxicity. Although superoxide dismutase mimetics (SODm) have provided protection against organ injury involving generation of superoxide anions, they often suffer problems, e.g., regarding their bioavailability or potential pro-oxidant activity. The aim here was to investigate and compare the therapeutic potentia...

STUDY OBJECTIVES Paraquat, a widely used herbicide, has been shown to cause severe and often fatal pulmonary fibrosis in humans and laboratory animals. Although paraquat is known to be directly cytotoxic to lung parenchyma, changes in routine lung scintigraphy results after acute paraquat intoxication have not been reported. The objective of this project was to investigate changes in lung venti...