Macroscopic models for both vehicular and pedestrian traffic are based on conservation laws. The mathematical description of toll gates along roads or of the escape dynamics for crowds needs the introduction of unilateral constraints on the observable flow. This note presents a rigorous approach to these constraints, and numerical integrations of the resulting models are included to show their ...

The left turn lane capacity is highly influenced by the presence of pedestrians under shared signal phasing. Pedestrian crossing time can be pedestrian platoon maneuver influence traffic settings, crosswalk length and bidirectional interactions pedestrian, due to that turning vehicles movement may significantly affected. However, existing estimation methods lanes did not consider those factors....

Free speeds are defined as the speeds pedestrians like to walk with when they are not influenced by other nearby pedestrians. Free speeds differ among pedestrians being influenced by personal characteristics, characteristics of the infrastructure and external conditions. Free speeds and their distribution play an important role in many traffic flow models, but are also relevant in other applica...

This paper presents solutions for particular problems commuters encounter during the walking phase of their journey in public transport facilities. Commuters get obstructed or have collisions at bottleneck situations making their walking inefficient and stressful. The notion presented in this paper is to reinforce existing infrastructures with embedded ambient persuasive technologies acting as ...

Pedestrian flow models are useful for the design and operation of pedestrian spaces. This article describes a macroscopic model flows through networks composed bidirectional corridors that connected by multidirectional intersections. The proposed builds on an existing fundamental diagram to define sending receiving flows, it relies incremental transfer principle across nodes with arbitrary numb...

One of the main challenges for transportation engineers is the consideration of pedestrian safety as the most vulnerable aspect of the transport system. In many countries around the world, a large number of accidents recorded by the police are composed of accidents involving pedestrians and vehicles, for example when pedestrians may be struck by passing vehicles when crossing the street. Carefu...

The study of crowd dynamics is interesting because of the various self-organization phenomena resulting from the interactions of many pedestrians, which may improve or obstruct their flow. Besides formation of lanes of uniform walking direction and oscillations at bottlenecks at moderate densities, it was recently discovered that stop-and-go waves [D. Helbing et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 168001...

In this contribution first results of experiments on pedestrian flow through bottlenecks are presented and then compared to simulation results obtained with the Social Force Model in the Vissim simulation framework. Concerning the experiments it is argued that the basic dependence between flow and bottleneck width is not a step function but that it is linear and modified by the effect of a psyc...