OBJECTIVE To review the epidemiological literature relevant to evaluating the risk of adverse effects on thyroid function associated with environmental perchlorate exposure. METHODS All studies investigating possible adverse effects of environmental perchlorate exposure on thyroid function in adults or in pregnant women and their newborns were critically evaluated. RESULTS There is no credi...

Perchlorate (ClO4) release into the environment has occurred primarily in association with its manufacture and use in solid rocket propellant. When released into groundwater, perchlorate can spread over large distances because it is highly soluble in water and adsorbs poorly to soil. Two proven techniques to remove perchlorate from drinking water are anaerobic biological reactors and ion exchan...

In this paper, the behavior of the salicylate anion-selective electrode was studied using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique. Considering the diagram of the charge transfer resistance and -logarithm of the double layer capacitance versus -logarithm of the concentration, linear range concentration increased to 1.0×10^{-8}-1.0×10^{-1} M and 1.0×10^{-9}-1.0×10^{-1} M, respectivel...

In this research, monocrystalline gallium oxide (Ga₂O₃) nanobelts were synthesized through oxidation of metal gallium at high temperature. An electronic device, based on an individual Ga₂O₃ nanobelt on Pt interdigital electrodes (IDEs), was fabricated to investigate the electrical characteristics of the Ga2O3 nanobelt in a dry atmosphere at room temperature. The current-voltage (I-V) and I/V-t ...

Ta-based compounds show Pt-like behavior: Binary tantalum compounds as counter electrodes (CEs) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) demonstrate Pt-like electrocatalytic activity and competitive photovoltaic performance, matching the performance of DSCs with Pt CEs. The first-principle density functional theory (DFT) calculations provide a strategy for understanding the relationship between the...

A theoretical treatment of the time-dependent potential response of ion-selective electrodes to sample solutions containing primary and interfering ions is presented. The theory accounts for the influence of ion fluxes in the electrode membrane and the contacting aqueous sample layer and describes the variations in the apparent selectivity behavior as a function of the measuring time. The appli...

We found the Easy very easy to run and without te#{233}hnique-dependent steps in the procedure. Operators need not have a high level of skill. Calibration is stable for one month, except for the ion-selective electrodes, which must be calibrated every two days. In conclusion, we found the Easy satisfactory in operational and analytical performance. The analyzer is well suited for use in the eme...