This paper investigates aspects of the noun phrase from a Scandinavian heritage language perspective, with an emphasis on noun phrase-internal gender agreement and noun declension. Our results are somewhat surprising compared with earlier research: We find that noun phrase-internal agreement for the most part is rather stable. To the extent that we find attrition, it affects agreement in the no...

Phrase break prediction is very important for speech synthesis. Traditional methods of phrase break prediction have used linguistic resources like part-of-speech (POS) sequence information for modeling these breaks. In the context of Indian languages, we propose to look at syllable level features and explore the use of word-terminal syllables to model phrase breaks. We hypothesize that these te...

We propose a method to construct a phrase class n-gram model for Kana-Kanji Conversion by combining phrase and class methods. We use a word-pronunciation pair as the basic prediction unit of the language model. We compared the conversion accuracy and model size of a phrase class bi-gram model constructed by our method to a tri-gram model. The conversion accuracy was measured by F measure and mo...

This research presents an approach for an English-to-Arabic Machine Translation System based on Building correct grammar and phrase structures first and then automatically deriving Translation Rules for phrase translation. For every English phrase, the grammar is first analysed and then a corresponding Arabic translation is given which would be used by the machine learning system to produce a t...

The present study investigated the effects of phrase length and scrambling in the processing of Japanese sentences. Reading times of short phrases, long phrases, verbs, and whole sentences, measured by the method of self-paced reading, did not differ in terms of phrase-length order and scrambling. In addition, four types of sentences constructed on the basis of phrase-length order and scramblin...

In this study we investigated grouping-related F0 patterns in Mandarin by examining the effect of syllable position in a group while controlling for tone, speaking mode, number of syllables in a group, and group position in a sentence. We analyzed syllable duration, F0 displacement, ratio of peak velocity to F0 displacement (vp/d ratio) and shape of F0 velocity profile (parameter C) in sequence...

This paper introduces the C_ToBI (Cantonese Tones and Break Indices) conventions formodern Cantonese. These conventions, developed within the Autosegmental-Metricalapproach of the ToBI framework, are designed for use in annotating and exploring tone andjuncture phenomena in spoken Cantonese corpora. Tone and juncture phenomena ofespecial interest for prosodic typology includ...

The phonetic realization of intonational targets in the f0 contour is not always straightforwardly predicted by their affiliations in the segmental string, and the phrase tones of American English are a type of target for which several hypotheses about the domain of realization have been advanced. By varying the metrical structure of target words at the end of a phrase produced with the H* LH% ...

This paper analyzes the influence of narrow and broad focus on the F0 contours in Mandarin utterances. We employ the Fujisaki model as a means for parameterizing F0 contours. We can regard the F0 contour in Mandarin as a superposition of slowly and fast changing components. Whereas the slow phrase component is associated with declination, the fast tone component is the manifestation of the syll...

Natural languages contain numerous non-adjacent relationships between words or morphemes in a sentence, often straddling phonological phrase boundaries (e.g., [these sheep] [have [ellipsis (horizontal)]]). Since phonological phrases are considered the main processing unit for infants, this may cause the acquisition of cross-phrase dependencies to be challenging. This study, however, shows that ...