René Descartes proposed an interactive dualism that posits an interaction between the mind of a human being and some of the matter located in his or her brain. Isaac Newton subsequently formulated a physical theory based exclusively on the material/physical part of Descartes’ ontology. Newton’s theory enforced the principle of the causal closure of the physical, and the classical physics that g...

This paper investigates subjective agency (SA) as a special type of efficacious action consciousness. Our central claims are, firstly, that SA is a conscious act of voluntarily initiating bodily motion. Secondly, we argue that SA is a case of multifunctional integration of behavioral functions being analogous to multisensory integration of sensory modalities. This is based on new perspectives o...

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE This study investigates (1) the utility of the bispectral index (BIS) to distinguish levels of consciousness in severely brain damaged patients and, particularly, disentangle vegetative state (VS) from minimally conscious state (MCS), as compared to other EEG parameters; (2) the prognostic value of BIS with regards to recovery after 1 year. RESEARCH DESIGN Multi-centric pros...

Global change presents a huge and exciting challenge to the study of thermal physiology. The implication of thermoregulatory strategies and abilities for the survival of individuals and species, are of high importance for predicting species response to global change challenges and ways to mitigate them, and for conservation acts. A good example of such a study is the paper by Cooper and Withers...

This edition of IJPP celebrates ten years of steady publication of Iranian Journal of Plant Physiology. The story of IJPP is that of a journey that started from a local forum where the researchers and scholars mainly from the Islamic Azad University could share findings of their studies, gradually developing into an international peer-reviewed jour...

Background: Based on the studies which have investigated conscious and unconscious processes, simple arithmetic operations such as addition and multiplication can be automatically processed in the brain and affect subsequent responses. However, most studies have focused on addition and multiplication of one-digit numbers. In this research we used subliminal priming paradigm to assess automatic ...

background: all recent accident models emphasis on multi causality of accidents. the suggested models emphasized on human roles in accident occurrence. the results of recent decade's studies have shown that the main causes of accidents are human and his/her unsafe acts. nowadays, application of warning signs is an important way to decrease unsafe acts . methods: in this study, the unsafe acts o...