Abstract Mesoscale heterogeneity of alpine landscapes generates snowmelt gradients resulting in a distinct vegetation zonation from almost snow-free fellfields to long-lasting snowbeds. Although the vegetative trait variation along such has been intensively studied, little is known about whether and how seed germination adapted variable snowpack duration. Here, we compare niches 18 characterist...

Understanding the differences between types of organic contaminants and their regulatory requirements helps operators maintain a well-operating treatment plant.

in order to evaluate the effects of beneficial free living bacteria (azotobacter chroococcum and azospirillum brasilense) compared to different nitrogen fertilizer levels on yield and yield components of barley (hordeum vulgare cv reyhan) a field experiment was conducted at research station college of agriculture, ferdowsi university of mashhad in 2007-2008. the experiment was arranged in a ran...

cumin (cuminum cyminum) is an annual suitable for the dry and semi-dry areas of iran. recently, farmers have chosen to plant cumin because it requires less water and growth time. however, at harvest time, the resistance of cumin seed to shatter is low and, if careful attention is not paid to this fact, a major portion of the crop can be lost. when the connection force of the seed decreases, see...

The effects of season and community composition as generated by livestock herbivory of differing intensity on seed species preference by Pogonomyrmex barbatus (F. Smith) were studied in a semiarid savanna on the Edward's Plateau, TX. Seasonal differences in nutrient requirements of the colony could lead to differential preferences for seeds harvested in spring and fall. Field cafeteria studies ...

It is well established that diet influences the health of an individual and that a diet rich in plant-based foods has many advantages in relation to the health and well-being of an individual. What has been unclear until recently is the large contribution of the gut microbiota to this effect. As well as providing basic nutritional requirements, the long-term diet of an animal modifies its gut...