Through a series of empirical investigations— including analysis of over 500,000 American combat casualties from World War II through Iraq and Afghanistan—we show in this Article that there is growing socioeconomic inequality in military sacrifice and that the relative invisibility of this inequality has major political ramifications. Today, unlike in World War II, the Americans who die or are ...

Rules of Engagement (ROE) are driven by a mix of legal, military, and political factors. These dimensions can interact and overlap in subtle ways and must be carefully crafted to be easy to apply in combat situations without jeopardizing mission outcome and the warfighter’s right to self-defense. Although trial and error may have sufficed in the past, the growing complexity of conflicts and the...

In the eyes of many people, political parties, the hallmark of modern democratic government, have become the biggest obstacles to democratic consolidation and good governance in much of democratic Southeast Asia. The purpose of this article is to analyze some of the characteristics of the parties and party systems in this area of the world. I first review the role that parties and party systems...

Does public debate about the pros and cons of the UK's involvement in Iraq undermine the chances of military success? Radha Iyengar examines the incentives of Iraqi insurgent groups to commit acts of violence, their responses to public opinion in the West, and the lessons for both communications policy and counter-insurgency strategy. T he Chilcot inquiry into the UK's involvement in Iraq betwe...

Disputes over territory are a major contributing factor to the disruption of international relations. We believe that a cumulative, integrated, and continuously updated resource providing information about such disputes in an easily accessible form would be of benefit to intelligence analysts, military strategists, political scientists, and also to historians and others concerned with internati...