Le Chatelier's principle is used as a very simple way to predict the effect of a change in conditions on a chemical equilibrium. . However, several studies have reported the violation of this principle, still there is no reported simple mathematical equation to express the exact condition of violation in the gas phase reactions. In this article, we derived a simple equation for the violation of...

To describe time-dependent finite-dimensional mechanical systems, their generalized space-time is modeled as a Galilean manifold. On this basis, we present geometric theory that unifies Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics. Moreover, general definition of force given, such the capable treating nonpotential forces acting on system. Within theory, elaborate interconne...