Elimination of cisplatin-resistant lung cancer cells remains a major obstacle. We have shown that cisplatin-resistant tumors have higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and can be exploited for targeted therapy. Here, we show that increased secretion of the antioxidant thioredoxin-1 (TRX1) resulted in lowered intracellular TRX1 and contributed to higher ROS in cisplatin-resistant tumors in...

Autocrine VEGF signaling is critical for sustaining prostate and other cancer stem cells (CSCs), and it is a potential therapeutic target, but we observed that CSCs isolated from prostate tumors are resistant to anti-VEGF (bevacizumab) and anti-VEGFR (sunitinib) therapy. Intriguingly, resistance is mediated by VEGF/neuropilin signaling, which is not inhibited by bevacizumab and sunitinib, and i...

BACKGROUND Despite receiving post-operative 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy, approximately 50% of patients with stage IIIC colon cancer experience recurrence. Currently, no molecular signature can predict response to 5-FU. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mouse models of colon cancer have been developed and characterized. Individual tumors in these mice can be longitudinally monitored and asses...

background:   although the majority of soft tissue masses are benign, it is important to consider malignancy in differential diagnoses. because most soft tissue sarcomas present as a painless mass, clinicians must watch for signs suggestive of malignancy, including large size, rapid growth, and site deep into the deep fascia.the purpose of this study was to determine the relative prevalence acc...

background pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pnets) are rare tumors with variable malignant potential, prognosis, and survival. we aimed to assess the characteristics of patients with non- functional pnet  in our hospital . methods from nov 2010 to nov 2013 , all patients who came to endosonography unit of shariati  hospital , tehran , iran , and   had pancreatic lesions were assessed . tumor s...

Background: Tumor response after multimodality treatment using combination of radiation, chemotherapeutic drugs and hyperthermia usually assessed by parameters such as tumor growth delay, volume doubling time and regression response. The study herein was conducted to investigate the usefulness of micronucleus assay for assessing the multimodality treatment. Materials and Methods: The ...

Purpose: A previous study noted frequent B-RAF mutations among European patients with cisplatinresistant but not cisplatin-sensitive germ cell tumors (GCT). We sought to validate this finding by assessing for these mutations among patients with GCT at our center. Experimental Design: Adolescent and adult patients with GCT who received cisplatin-based chemotherapy and had tumor tissue available ...

We report protease-resistant prion protein (PrPres) in spontaneous lymphoreticular tumors of mice infected with the agent of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD). PrPres may accumulate in lymphoreticular system tumors of asymptomatic persons with vCJD. The statistical power of estimates of vCJD prevalence might be increased by expanding screening to include samples of lymphoreticular neopla...

BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are present in the majority of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) responsive to the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) gefitinib or erlotinib. These EGFR-dependent tumors eventually become TKI resistant, and the common secondary T790M mutation accounts for half the tumors with acquired resistance to gefitinib. Howeve...

PURPOSE The majority of gastrointestinal stromal tumors harbor mutations in the receptor tyrosine kinases KIT or platelet-derived growth factor receptor A (PDGFRA), and respond to treatment with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib. Some tumors, however, show primary resistance to imatinib treatment, and most others become resistant during treatment. The most common mechanism of imatinib resi...