chemotherapy research highly prioritizes overcoming the multidrug resistance (mdr) in human tumors. liposomal formulation of fluoxetine, as a fourth generation chemosensitizer, was constructed and characterized for percent entrapment, release profile, morphology, particle size, zeta potential and stability. liposomes were prepared using different active loading techniques. the influence of diff...

Background: Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children and the most common malignancy in infant.Some tumors release vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), causing a profound secretory diarrhea. In this report we describe a 33 month old girl with intermittent diarrhea from 9 month ago and hypokalemia resistant to treatment .She had increased VMA in 24hour urin .After co...

background: tumors involving the hand skeleton are rare. however, a basic knowledge of hand tumors is necessary for every clinician. this is due to the importance of distinguishing typical benign tumors from life or limb threatening malignant ones. methods: this study is a review of 99 cases of osseous hand tumors presented to the department of orthopedic surgery, imam khomeini hospital in tehr...

Purpose: The BT-40 low-grade childhood astrocytoma xenograft model expresses mutated BRAF and is highly sensitive to the MEK inhibitor selumetinib (AZD6244). In this study, we developed and characterized selumetinib resistance and explored approaches to circumventing the mechanisms of acquired resistance. Experimental Design:BT-40 xenografts were selected in vivo for selumetinib resistance. Res...

PURPOSE The BT-40 low-grade childhood astrocytoma xenograft model expresses mutated BRAF(V600E) and is highly sensitive to the MEK inhibitor selumetinib (AZD6244). In this study, we developed and characterized selumetinib resistance and explored approaches to circumventing the mechanisms of acquired resistance. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN BT-40 xenografts were selected in vivo for selumetinib resista...

The retention and efflux of lipid-bound 2-chloro-4',4"-di(2imidazolin-2-yl)terephthalanilide (NSC 60339) has been correlated with the sensitivity, resistance, or cross-resistance of 7 tumor lines to phthalanilide treatment in vivo. The sensitive tumors (L1210, L1210/MTX, L1210/ara-C, and P815) rapidly took up the drug and retained it primarily as lipid-bound drug for the 24-hr experimental peri...