Single molecule approaches offer the promise of large, exquisitely miniature ensembles for the generation of equally large data sets. Although microfluidic devices have previously been designed to manipulate single DNA molecules, many of the functionalities they embody are not applicable to very large DNA molecules, normally extracted from cells. Importantly, such microfluidic devices must work...

Instigated by an increase in serious human Candida infections and aided by advances in technology, there has been renewed interest in the study of the epidemiology of fungal infections. Among the newer techniques available, contour-clamped homogeneous electric field (CHEF) electrophoresis has shown great promise as a tool for typing strains of Candida albicans. However, few studies have address...

Ehel cleaves the site GGC/GCC and is an isoschizomer of Narl (GG/CGCQ and Bbel (GGCGC/C) (1 -4) . Here I show that Ehel is methyl sensitive and will not cleave its CpG methylated site (GC^CGCC). Narl and Bbel are also CpG methyl sensitive (5—7). Ehel methyl sensitivity is shown by digesting mixtures of methylated X DNA and unmethylated plasmid DNA and viceversa (Figure 1). I also digest eukaryo...

Restriction endonuclease analysis of specific gene sequences is proving to be a valuable technique for characterisation and diagnosis of inherited disorders. This paper describes detailed protocols for isolation, restriction, and blot hybridisation of genomic DNA. Problems and alternatives in the procedure are discussed and a troubleshooting guide has been provided to help rectify faults.

Plasmids, conjugative transposons and phage frequently encode anti-restriction proteins to enhance their chances of entering a new bacterial host that is highly likely to contain a Type I DNA restriction and modification (RM) system. The RM system usually destroys the invading DNA. Some of the anti-restriction proteins are DNA mimics and bind to the RM enzyme to prevent it binding to DNA. In th...

Present-day DNA technology is partially dependent upon the ability of investigators to cut DNA molecules at specific sites with enzymes called restriction endonucleases or restriction enzymes. The most useful of these enzymes, which occur naturally within bacteria, recognize particular "target" or recognition sequences (restriction sites) within a DNA double helix, and catalyze the cleavage of ...

Typing techniques are essential for understanding hospital epidemiology, permitting the elucidation of the source of infection and routes of bacterial transmission. Although DNA-based techniques are the "gold standard" for the epidemiological study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, antibiotic profiles and biochemical results are used because they are easy to perform and to interpret and relatively ine...

Restriction enzyme profiles of group G beta-hemolytic streptococci associated with a point source outbreak and an outbreak of sporadic pharyngitis in two different communities were compared. To asses the epidemiologic utility of this approach for studying group G streptococci, DNA fingerprints of strains responsible for a point source outbreak of pharyngitis associated with the consumption of c...

Five leptospiral strains were isolated from bovine kidneys during a cultural survey for pathogenic leptospires in Nigeria. Preliminary test results indicated that the five strains were identical and serologically heterologous to the other members of the Pyrogenes serogroup. Further examination of the strains by the cross-agglutinin absorption test, factor analysis and restriction endonuclease a...

Restriction endonuclease analysis of mitochondrial DNA indicated a surprisingly high degree of genetic similarity between skipjack tuna (KarsuLcorzus pe/urni.r) from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The present results (1983) support the findings of previous morphological and electrophoretic studies. Evidently. since the uplift of the Panama land bridge about 3.1 million years ago, there has be...