Water supply and sanitation services are essential to human and environmental well-being. Globally one of the biggest challenges to sustainable development is lack of access to improved water supply and sanitation services. Yet it is less obvious what sustainable development means in countries with high coverage of these services. In this article sustainable development is explored from the per...

    supply chain network   receding horizon control demand move suppression term   Supply chain networks are interconnection and dynamics of a demand network. Example subsystems, referred to as stages, include raw materials, distributors of the raw materials, manufacturers, distributors of the manufactured products, retailers, and customers. The main objectives of the control strategy for the s...

Results In clinical cases of asthma, poor sanitation and water supply (p<0.01), low education level (p<0.01), low income (p<0.01), positive family history and low physical activity (p<0.01) were found to be associated with asthma. We also found that low education level (p<0.001,6.75 times), low family income (p<0.001,9.11 times), low personal income (p<0.001,12.5 times), poor sanitation (p<0.01...

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) require nations to ensure adequate water supply for all. For Kazakhstan, this means that rural areas will need much stronger attention as they have been rather neglected in efforts to comply with the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). This study aims to establish a baseline data concerning the current situation in villages that will need interventions ...

There is currently limited public information available concerning methods for the selection of appropriate water treatment technologies for application in acute phase emergency water and sanitation responses. Considering the number of available emergency water treatment and supply options, it is speculated that a framework methodology offering guidance in the form of a selection process would ...

In this decade, due to the current competitive environment,reputation of industrial brands is markedly dependent upon theperformance of their supply chain. Therefore, it is necessary to examinethe factors affecting their supply chain so as to increase the competitivenessof their chain. Productivity is among the most important factorsin the advancement of industry and its evaluation requires the...

BACKGROUND By 2050, sub-Saharan Africa's (SSA) urban population is expected to grow from 414 million to over 1.2 billion. This growth will likely increase challenges to municipalities attempting to provide access to water supply and sanitation (WS&S). This study aims to characterize trends in access to WS&S in SSA cities and identify factors affecting those trends. METHODS DHS data collected ...