Decomposition methods are techniques for exploiting the tractable substructures of an integer program in order to obtain improved solution procedures. In particular, the goal is to derive improved methods of bounding the optimal solution value, which can then be used to drive a branch-andbound algorithm. Such methods are the preferred solution approaches for a wide range of important models ari...

Selenium (Se) is considered as an essential element for human body. Selenized probiotic fermented milk drink (DOOGH) as a functional beverage to increase Se available in body. The predominate sugar, protein and mineral ion of Iranian yoghurt drink (DOOGH) are lactose, casein and calcium, respectively. Different levels of  Selenium (2.5 – 3- 3,5-  4 and 4.5) is prepared and its suitability based...

Salt stress is a serious problem facing plant growth and development. Selenium (Se) could improve plant growth and reduced stress. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine whether the Se application could alleviate salinity stress negative effects on Melissa officinalis L. Different salinity levels in this research were control (0), 50, 100 and 200 mM. Simultaneously, sodium selenate (Se) ...

The present paper deals with the study of the design of a recycling chain for a certain type of WEEE, the mobile phones. The goal is to analyse the optimal design of the logistics network required to guarantee that the amount of wasted mobile phones obtained at the generation points is collected, managed and transported in an appropriate way to the destination points constituted by recycling co...

Although evolutionary algorithms have often been used to address VRPs and VRPTWs [1], applications to other routing problems such as period routing and inventory routing are less common. In this paper, a versatile hybrid evolutionary algorithm is developed that can be used for cyclic inventory routing and a variety of capacitated and periodic vehicle routing problems. First, a random insertion ...

In this paper, we have conducted a literature review on the recent developments and publications involving the vehicle routing problem and its variants, namely vehicle routing problem with time windows (VRPTW) and the capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP) and also their variants. The VRP is classified as an NP-hard problem. Hence, the use of exact optimization methods may be difficult to s...