introduction: inhibition of renin angiotensin system represents an important approach in the management of cardiovascular diseases. the aim of this study was to explore the effects of pretreatment with non-hypotensive dose of angiotensin converting enzyme (ace) inhibitor, ramiprilat and angiotensin type 1 (at1) receptor blocker, losartan on myocardial infarct size and arrhythmias in a rat model...

Adv. Mater. 2009, 21, 419–424 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag Gm IC A T IO N Recent advances in nanotechnology have stimulated novel applications in biomedicine where nanoparticles (NPs) are used to achieve drug delivery and photodynamic therapy. In chemotherapeutic cancer treatment, tumor-specific drug delivery is a topic of considerable research interest for achieving enhanced therapeutic efficacy and ...

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs), which are generally thought to be bio-inert and non-cytotoxic, have become one of the most ideal nano-materials for medical applications. Once engulfed by phagocytes, the immunological effects of GNPs are still of concern and require detailed investigation. Therefore, this study explored the immunological significance of GNPs on TLR-mediated innate immunity in murine ...

The branch of statistics known as inferential statistics tries to find out information about a population by studying a representative sample of that population. The main tools of inferential statistics are the statistical significance tests. Every statistical significance test includes two hypotheses; the null hypothesis (H0) and the alternative hypothesis (H1). The null hypothesis assumes tha...

Phlebotomy is often addressed as a crucial process in the pre-analytical phase, in which a large part of laboratory errors take place, but to date there is not yet a consolidated methodological paradigm. Seeking literature, we found 36 suitable investigations issued between 1996 and 2016 (April) dealing with the investigation of pre-analytical factors related to phlebotomy. We found that the la...

As the length scale of sample dimensions is reduced to the micron and sub-micron scales, the strength of various materials has been observed to increase with decreasing size, a fact commonly referred to as the 'sample size effect'. In this work, the influence of temperature on the sample size effect in copper is investigated using in situ microcompression testing at 25, 200 and 400 °C in the SE...

Early or voluntary retirement (ER) can be defined as the full exit from an organizational job or career path of long duration, decided by individuals of a certain age at the mid or late career before mandatory retirement age, with the aim of reducing their attachment to work and closing a process of gradual psychological disengagement from working life. Given the swinging movements that charact...

Underpowered studies remain ubiquitous (Maxwell, 2004; Bakker et al., 2012; Button et al., 2013; Turner et al., 2013; Szucs and Ioannidis, 2017) despite strong pleas to change this practice (Cohen, 1988, 1990, 1992). As with any complex problem, multiple factors contribute to the ubiquity of conducting underpowered studies, and a wide range of efforts is needed to solve it. Most efforts to impr...