The undirected power graph of a finite group $G$, $P(G)$, is a graph with the group elements of $G$ as vertices and two vertices are adjacent if and only if one of them is a power of the other. Let $A$ be an adjacency matrix of $P(G)$. An eigenvalue $lambda$ of $A$ is a main eigenvalue if the eigenspace $epsilon(lambda)$ has an eigenvector $X$ such that $X^{t}jjneq 0$, where $jj$ is the all-one...

In this paper , an improved skew angle estimation technique is presented. Skew angle detection is an important part of any Optical Character Recognition (OCR) and document analysis system. The method considers the lowermost pixels of some selected characters of the text, which maybe subject to Hough transform for skew angle detection. A fast approach is also proposed which works almost as accur...

Skew deviation is a vertical strabismus caused by a supranuclear lesion in the posterior fossa. Because skew deviation may clinically mimic trochlear nerve palsy, it is sometimes difficult to differentiate the 2 conditions. In this review we compare the clinical presentations of skew deviation and trochlear nerve palsy and examine the pathophysiology that underlies skew deviation. We then descr...

In recent years, there has been considerable interest in showing that certain conditions on skew shapes A and B are sufficient for the difference sA − sB of their skew Schur functions to be Schur-positive. We determine necessary conditions for the difference to be Schur-positive. Our conditions are motivated by those of Reiner, Shaw and van Willigenburg that are necessary for sA = sB , and we d...

We develop a Bayesian approach for the selection of skew in multivariate skew t distributions constructed through hidden conditioning in the manners suggested by either Azzalini and Capitanio (2003) or Sahu, Dey and Branco (2003). We show that the skew coefficients for each margin are the same for the standardized versions of both distributions. We introduce binary indicators to denote whether ...

A skew-morphism of a finite group G is permutation σ on fixing the identity element such that product 〈 〉 with left regular representation forms . This called skew-product The was introduced as an algebraic tool to investigate Cayley maps. In this paper, we characterize skew-products skew-morphisms nonabelian characteristically simple groups (see Theorem 1.2 ) and corresponding maps 1.6 ).

In this work the definition of codes as modules over skew polynomial rings of automorphism type is generalized to skew polynomial rings, whose multiplication is defined using an automorphism and a derivation. This produces a more general class of codes which, in some cases, produce better distance bounds than module skew codes constructed only with an automorphism. Extending the approach of Gab...