this article is going to criticize both theories of forcefully entry, and of kindly entry, of islam into qum. three points will be proved through this article: a) arab triumph in qum was difficult and qumian people resisted muslims, but this does not mean that islam entrance to qum was by force and violence ; b) in addition to knowledge and comprehension factor, there were social, economical an...

as social health is a condition-driven, dynamic and fluid concept, it seems necessary to construct and obtain a national and relevant concept of it for every society. providing an empirical back up for iran's concept of social health was the aim of the present study.this study is an ecologic study in which available data for 30 provinces of iran in 2007 were analyzed. in order to prove construc...

it is argued that language learning is regarded as the cornerstone of human existence. the widespread use of english as an international language makes it highly important in the world. it is no more working as the status of language of the elite class or the educated class of the society such as professors, rather it is working as an instrument to bring success in life. nowadays, teachers need...

PURPOSE This study aimed to categorize consumers’ subjectivity on public value of citizen professional football club. METHODS Q-sample and Q-classification charts were developed based theoretical background the clubs, in-depth interviews with consumers conducted using Q-methodology. Q-factor analyses by selecting local residents as P-samples. RESULTS The clubs was confirmed ‘Type I: club-city w...

Literature widely explores Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Online Social Networks and consumer behavior individually. However, research linking them has been scarce. Therefore, this study aims to assess the effect of CSR information provided through Facebook on consumers’ brand image and purchase intention, considering the role of consumer ́s product involvement. A fictitious brand profil...

nowadays, suppliers in order to maintain and improve their positions against othernational and international suppliers take advantage of their brand equity, but the problem is that industrial suppliers do not know what factors are influencing for development and promotion industrial brand equity and also do not know how to enhance brand equity, to improve brand performance in industrial markets...