Revocation is one of the major problems for access control systems. Especially, the revocation cost for the data outsourced in the third party environment such as cloud storage systems. The revocation in the cloud-based access control typically deals with the cryptographic operations that introduce costly overheads for key re-generation, file reencryption, and key re-distribution. Also, the com...

This article examines the content and scope of European Court Human Rights’s first advisory opinion as regards practice cross-border surrogacy in Europe. While concerns recognition legal parentage an intended mother, this considers whether reasoning could be applied to male couples who avail surrogacy. It is argued that non-genetically related father couple a directly comparable position mother...

The advent of electronic commerce and personal communications on the Internet heightens concerns over the lack of privacy and security. Network services providing a wide range of security related guarantees are increasingly based on public key certificates. A fundamental problem inhibiting the wide acceptance of existing certificate distribution services is the lack of a scalable certificate re...

Recently, identity-based cryptographic (IBC) schemes have been considered to secure mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) due to their efficient key management properties. However, proposed schemes do not provide mechanisms for key revocation and key renewal. In this paper, we propose the first key revocation and key renewal mechanisms for IBC schemes that are especially designed for MANETs. In our f...

A new solution is suggested for the problem of certi cate revocation. This solution represents Certi cate Revocation Lists by an authenticated search data structure. The process of verifying whether a certi cate is in the list or not, as well as updating the list, is made very e cient. The suggested solution gains in scalability, communication costs, robustness to parameter changes and update r...

Certificate revocation is one of the many challenges faced by Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). Certificate revocation is the action of declaring a certificate, which has not expired, is no longer valid due to various reasons ranging from change of relationship between certificate issuer and the public key owner to compromised private keys of the associated certificate to change of information c...

s:1640:"Background: Surrogacy is one of the most controversial procedures in infertility treatment. Despite increasing of using this technology in Iran, there are few practical data about surrogacy. There isn't any study assessing experiences of commissioning mothers about surrogate mother selection. The purpose of this study was exploring of commissioning mothers' experiences in sele...