We discuss an example from quantum physics of “positive system” in which the state (a density operator) is a square matrix constrained to be positive semidefinite (plus Hermitian and of unit trace). The positivity constraint is captured by the notion of complete positivity of the corresponding flow. The infinitesimal generators of all possible admissible ODEs can be characterized explicitly in ...

Two types of errors can occur when discriminating pairs quantum states. Asymmetric state discrimination involves minimizing the probability one type error, subject to a constraint on other. We give explicit expressions bounding set achievable errors, using trace norm, fidelity, and Chernoff bound. The upper bound is asymptotically tight lower exact for pure Unlike asymptotic bounds, our bounds ...

We present a Bayesian approach to learning flexible safety constraints and subsequently verifying whether plans satisfy these constraints. Our approach, called the Safety Constraint Learner/Checker (SCLC), is embedded within the Generalized Integrated Learning Architecture (GILA), which is an integrated, heterogeneous, multi-agent ensemble architecture designed for learning complex problem solv...

We study a R 2 model of gravity with torsion in a closed Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe. The model is cast in Hamiltonian form subtracting from the original Lagrangian the total time derivative of f K f R , where f K is proportional to the trace of the extrinsic curvature tensor, and f R is obtained differentiating the Lagrangian with respect to the highest derivative. Torsion is found to ...

This paper describes an algorithm to attack AES using sidechannel information from the final round cache lookups performed by the encryption, specifically whether each access hits or misses in the cache, building off of previous work by Acıiçmez and Koç [AK06]. It is assumed that an attacker could gain such a trace through power consumption analysis or electromagnetic analysis. This information...

We consider a quantum universe composed of small system $S$ and large environment. It has been demonstrated that, for the vast majority randomly chosen wave functions satisfying total energy constraint, reduced density matrix is given by canonical statistical distribution. Here, through Page-Wootters mechanism, we show that time nonequilibrium dynamics can emerge as consequence entanglement bet...