Pain sensation has been studied extensively, over a range of scales, from the molecular level to the entire human neural system. Thermal stimulation of pain has been widely used in the study of pain sensation. Skin thermal pain is induced through both direct (an increase/decrease in temperature) and indirect (thermomechanical and thermochemical) ways, and is governed by complicated thermomechan...

Clinical tests of thermal sensation are poorly quantified and not strictly modality specific. Previous automated thermal testing systems have had limited usefulness with high intra-and inter-individual variability. This paper describes an automated thermal system (Glasgow system) which is an extensive modification of previous techniques to answer these criticisms. It comprises a microprocessor-...

The effects of various sodium channel blocking agents on acute thermal and mechanical nociception, as assessed using the plantar and tail pressure tests, respectively, were compared with the effects of morphine. The drugs used were mexiletine, lidocaine, carbamazepine, phenytoin, eperisone, tolperisone, and zonisamide. The sodium channel blocking agents exhibited a rather preferential elevation...

BACKGROUND Acupuncture provides a means of peripheral stimulation for pain relief. However, the detailed neuronal mechanisms by which acupuncture relieves pain are still poorly understood and information regarding optimal treatment settings is still inadequate. Previous studies with a short burst of unilateral electroacupuncture (EA) in the Tendinomuscular Meridians (TMM) treatment model for pa...

promontory stimulation testing is both a valuable diagnosic tool and a crucial step in candidate selection for cochlear implantation. in this study we have compared the promontory stimulation test results between different subsets of patients with hearing loss in order to clarify the aspects of promontory stimulation which correlate best with the patients'characierisiics. patients with severe t...

postdate pregnancy is estimated to occur in 3% to 12% of all gestations. morbidity and mortality rates associated with this common obstetric problem are higher than those with term gestation. the incidence of fetal distress, birth injury, meconium aspiration, congenital malformations, macrosomia, and oligohydramnios is also greater in postdate pregnancies. we prospectively evaluated breast self...

Plasmonic heating finds multiple applications in cell manipulation and stimulation, where heat generated by metal nanoparticles can be used to modify adhesion, control membrane currents, suppress neuronal action potentials among others. Metal also easily integrated artificial extracellular matrices provide tunable, thermal cueing functionalities with nanometer spatial resolution. In this contri...

Sensations evoked by thermal stimulation (temperature-related sensations) can be divided into two categories, "temperature sensation" and "thermal comfort." Although several studies have investigated regional differences in temperature sensation, less is known about the sensitivity differences in thermal comfort for the various body regions. In the present study, we examined regional difference...

This study examined whether transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation or interferential current was more effective in reducing experimentally induced heat pain. Forty-eight young healthy subjects were randomly divided into the following groups: (i) transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation; (ii) interferential current; and (iii) no stimulation. A multi-function electrical stimulator was use...

BackgroundElectrical stimulation in the kilohertz-frequency range has gained interest field of neuroscience. The mechanisms underlying this frequency range, however, are poorly characterized to date.Objective/hypothesisTo summarize manifold biological effects elicited by context currently existing literature and provide a mechanistic framework for neural responses observed range.MethodsA compre...