Introduction: Fasting during the holy month of Ramadan is an obligation for all adult, healthy Muslims. As several studies have indicated, both fasting and energy restriction can alter thyroid hormone metabolism and affect the clinical features and well-being of hypothyroid patients. Hypothyroidism is more prevalent among women and the elderly. Its prevalence has been reported to be 4-8% of the...

SH is defined as a serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) above the upper limit of the reference range, with a serum T4 and T3 thyroxine within the reference range. Other causes of a raised TSH such as a past history of thyroid disease and patients on T4 hormone treatment need to be excluded. Although patients with subclinical thyroid disease are usually asymptomatic, but nearly 30% have sympt...

To the Editor: We reported 2 cases of ectopic thyroid gland (ETG) masquerading as pituitary adenoma (PA). The first case was a 15‐year‐old boy with growth, and mental retardation whose height was 121 cm and weight was 44 kg on admission. Bone age development index was 40, while bone age showed 6–10 years old. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed pituitary hyperplasia [Figure 1a]. Thyroid u...

Thyroid hormone (T3 and T4) is secreted from the thyroid gland, and is known to reduce the level of serum thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone, TSH) in the pituitary gland (Sarapura et al., 2002; Shupnik et al., 1989) (Fig. 1A). This is a typical example of negative feedback between the pituitary and endocrine organs, and is a key component of thyroid hormone homeostasis. TSH is one of the ...

Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) is a rare inherited syndrome characterized by diminished response of the target tissue to thyroid hormone caused, in the majority of cases, by mutation of the thyroid hormone receptor beta (THRβ) gene. Despite elevated serum levels of free thyroid hormones and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), the paucity of symptoms and signs of thyroid dysfunction suggest ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine if circulating levels of pituitary hormones are altered by stroke and, if so, whether these alterations offer insight into specific neurochemical pathways in the region of the central nervous system injury. METHODS Twenty-eight consecutive postmenopausal women undergoing computed tomographic imaging of the brain for evaluation of c...

OBJECTIVE To determine if pre-eclampsia is associated with reduced thyroid function during and after pregnancy. DESIGN Nested case-control study during pregnancy and population based follow-up study after pregnancy. SETTING Calcium for Pre-eclampsia Prevention trial of healthy pregnant nulliparous women in the United States during 1992-5, and a Norwegian population based study (Nord-Trondel...

A combined test of anterior pituitary function was used on 21 normal children. It shows that a comprehensive evaluation can be made of growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, and gonadotrophin reserve. Simultaneous assessment of those peripheral glands associated with the anterior pituitary is possible by the measurement of thyroid hormones, cortisol, and gona...

Timely treatment of thyroid disease during pregnancy is important in preventing adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Thyroid abnormalities are very often subclinical in nature and not easily recognized without specific screening programs. Even mild maternal thyroid hormone deficiency may lead to neurodevelopment complications in the fetus. The main diagnostic indicator of thyroid disease is the...