iranian historiography during the safavid era affected by religious upheavals and intellectual and political developments, witnessed the emergence and evolution of a new approach towards time and techniques for recording history. the most important feature of this historiography was the continuance of pre-safavid models and regulations on the one hand, and the formation of typical safavid struc...

Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, is best known for historical pandemics, but still actively causes disease in many parts of the world. Y. pestis is a recently derived clone of the pathogenic species Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, but is more associated with human infection. Numerous studies have documented genomic changes since the two species differentiated, although all of these ...

Evolutionary theorists since Darwin have been interested in the parallels and interactions between biological and cultural evolution. Recent applications of empirical techniques originally developed to analyze molecular genetic data to linguistic data offer new insights into the historical evolution of language, revealing fascinating parallels between language change and biological evolution. T...

aggregation of ash'ari theology and pre-islamic practical wisdom of iranians is one of the characteristics of historiography during seljuq period. indeed, the iranshahri’s political thought had been revived and regarded as a practical model for seljuq sultans in siyar al-muluk (statesmanship manners of kings) and historical texts. the beginning of the nezam al-mulk’s ministry was also the ...

in this paper the sociological approach of janet wolff and john thompson is used to identify and interpret the relationship between the evolution of persian carpet and its social context. the social context includes socio-economic, ideologican and political conditions surronding this evolution. to study persian carpet from the pazric rug from its initiation to the present time, based on numorou...

With the rapid development of China’s economy, rural tourism is developing in full swing throughout country, attracting significant capital inflow with its unique historical features and natural landscapes. In recent years, vernacular architectures are experiencing a spontaneous transformation. The evolution architecture presents trend “self-organization”. order to study context development, au...

Historical document collections present unique challenges for information retrieval. In particular, the absence of consistent orthographic conventions in historical text presents difficulties for conventional search architectures which typically rely on a static inverted index keyed by orthographic form. Additional steps must therefore be taken in order to improve recall, in particular for sing...

The article deals with the sacred groves of the Balts in Lithuania and presents the linguistic background, the historical documents from the 12th– 18th century, the key folklore motifs of the topic, as well as selected examples of groves. The article also discusses possible relationships between pre-Christian religious traditions connected with the sacred groves and the ones which have survived...