Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of smoking on speed and coordination of upper-limb movement. Methods: A total of 62 healthy, young individuals were randomly selected for participation in this study. Out of total subjects, 31 were smokers with a mean age 20.84 years and 31 were non-smokers with a mean age 19.97 years and placed in group A and group B, respective...

limb bud first appears during the third week of gestation with the upper limb buds appearing a few days before the lower limb buds. complete absence of one or more limbs, called amelia, occurs prior to the eighth week of gestation. we report a case of amelia in a twin gestation.

BACKGROUND Robotic therapy can improve upper limb function in hemiparesis. Excitatory transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can prime brain motor circuits before therapy. OBJECTIVE We tested safety and efficacy of tDCS plus robotic therapy in an adult with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (USCP). METHODS In each of 36 sessions, anodal tDCS (2 mA, 20 min) was applied over the motor...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and pattern of upper limb involvement in children with cerebral palsy (CP), how this relates to function and how well these problems are recognised and treated. METHODS One hundred consecutive patients with CP attending non-hand-related clinics were assessed. Function was assessed according to the Gross Motor Functional Classificat...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Rehabilitation using commercial gaming devices is a new concept for stroke care. Commercial gaming devices such as Nintendo Wii or Sony PlayStation encourage high repetition of arm movements and are being introduced into some clinical settings. The evidence base for gaming use in rehabilitation is growing rapidly and there is a need to systematically synthesise research. ...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to explore the effects of action observation therapy on motor function of upper extremity, activities of daily living, and motion evoked potential in cerebral infarction patients. METHOD Cerebral infarction survivors were randomly assigned to an experimental group (28 patients) or a control group (25 patients). The conventional rehabilitation treatments we...

BACKGROUND Multisensory interactive training has an increasingly prominent role in stroke rehabilitation. Currently, there is insufficient evidence to demonstrate its efficacy on gait improvement, upper limb and lower limb functional improvement, global motor function and cognitive improvement. A recent Cochrane review confirmed that published studies on virtual reality (VR) training have the l...

An unusual origin of the common interosseous artery is reported in the paper. During educational dissection of a 37-year-old male, a rare variation in the origin of common interosseous artery of the right upper limb was observed. The common interosseous artery directly separated from radial artery. The right anterior interosseous artery is continued from common interosseous artery. Anterior and...

OBJECTIVE We aimed to develop a goal classification of individualised goals for spasticity treatment incorporating botulinum toxin intervention for upper limb spasticity to under-pin a more structured approach to future goal setting. DESIGN Individualised goals for spasticity treatment incorporating botulinum toxin intervention for upper limb spasticity (n=696) were analysed initially from fo...