This paper presents a current re-use quadrature front end receiver architecture for ISM Band. The proposed architecture is a stacked QLMV cell which consists of a low-noise amplifier (LNA), mixer and voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), which feeds into the intermediate frequency (IF) load. The LNA is a common source amplifier with Ls source degeneration, a double-balanced Gilbert cell mixer an...

Original scientific paper A 3-stage single-ended ring oscillator (SERO) based voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) has been proposed to operate from 2,4 GHz to 5,42 GHz for short range wireless communication systems, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and Zigbee. Single-ended delay cell has been adopted to form the proposed VCO in standard 0,18-μm CMOS process. This VCO consumes only 664,51 μW of power. T...

Free fatty acids (FFAs) were obtained from hydrolyzed virgin coconut oil (VCO) by Candida rugosa lipase (CRL). Four factors' influence on hydrolysis degree (HD) was examined. The best hydrolysis conditions in order to get the highest HD value were determined at VCO to buffer ratio 1 : 5 (w/w), CRL concentration 1.5% (w/w oil), pH 7, and temperature 40°C. After 16 hours' reaction, the HD value a...

Fatty acid content from virgin coconut oil (VCO) is a medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) group. MCT stable at very low and high temperatures, the color does not turn black due to addition of heat so that it can be developed into beneficial cooking for health. Therefore, study was conducted on fatty acids in VCO after being heated temperatures 150, 200, 250°C 60 minutes. Analysis control VCO(T0), w...

A 1.575GHz phase-locked loop (PLL) using a bulk acoustic wave resonator (FBAR) based VCO is presented. Closein phase noise is suppressed by the loop, while high-offset noise is suppressed by the extremely high Q (>2000) VCO. This technique results in a 750μW PLL with phase noise of -82 and -138dBc/Hz at 1kHz and 1MHz offset, respectively. A temperature-compensated FBAR stack is described, allow...

A novel 12 GHz VCO designed and fabricated in a 0.18μm SiGe BiCMOS technology is presented. Strongly magnetic coupled dual LC tanks with fixed and tunable capacitive elements are introduced to extend tuning range and improve phase noise. By hybrid using of varactor tuning, loaded transformer tuning and switched capacitor tuning, the proposed VCO achieves a wide tuning range of 4.3GHz (36%) and ...

A purely mathematical, behavioral model for Voltage Controlled Oscillators (VCO) is derived. It is based on a Non-Linear Discrete Convolution approach [1] which allows a time-domain formulation compatible with commercial system-level simulators. The approach enables the VCO nonlinear dynamics to be described with great accuracy and computational efficiency, and its influence on the performance ...

A scaling-friendly and energy-efficient 0-1 MASH ΔΣ ADC is proposed in this work. An 8b SAR is used as the 1st stage for coarse quantization. A ring VCO is used as the 2nd stage for fine quantization. The proposed ADC uses digital background calibration to track VCO gain variation across PVT. A 40nm CMOS prototype achieves a Walden FoM of 18.5 fJ/conv-step while operating from 1.1V supply. Intr...

This paper is addressed to a design of K-band dual mode radar used in traffic information collection. The radar can work in both Frequency Modulate Continual Wave (FMCW) mode and Continual Wave (CW) mode. As VCO is seldom used as the oscillator in CW radar for velocity measurement, this paper studied the effect of phase noise and detecting distance on velocity error in CW mode in VCO design. Th...

This paper investigates the design and performance of the PLL (Phase Locked Loop). The proposed PLL designed with PFD (Phase Frequency Detector), CP (Charge Pump), first order Low Pass Filter and CS-VCO (Current Starved-Voltage Control Oscillator), in this paper the designed PFD used for proposed PLL is free from dead zone. The VCO used for the designed PLL shows larger tuning range and high ga...