Water changes information in the hydrological system, in time and space, as an environmental issue takes heed of managers and decision makers in watershed management and river engineering, which can be addressed by using spatially distributed modeling. In this study simulation of water balance components in Taleghan mountainous watershed is performed using the spatially distributed hydrological...

Treated wastewater may be considered as a ‘new’ water resource, which can be added to the general water balance of a region. This ‘new’ source can substitute conventional water used for irrigation. Israel is presently reusing more than 65% of the total domestic sewage production of the country, and it is planned to reach more than 90% reuse during the next decade. This paper addresses the intro...

The kidneys play a key role in the homeostasis of body water and electrolyte balance. Aquaporin-2 (AQP2) is the vasopressin-regulated water-channel protein expressed at the connecting tubule and collecting duct, and plays a key role in urine concentration and body-water homeostasis through short-term and long-term regulation of collecting duct water permeability. The signaling transduction path...

Although urea production and metabolism in lungfish have been thoroughly studied, we have little knowledge of how internal osmotic and electrolyte balance are controlled during estivation or in water. We tested the hypothesis that, compared with the body surface of teleosts, the slender African lungfish (Protopterus dolloi) body surface was relatively impermeable to water, Na(+), and Cl(-) due ...

Evaluation of actual irrigation system perfonnance should rely on an accurate hydrologic water balance over the area considered. In a companion paper, water uses are categorized as consumptive or noncon­ sumptive, and beneficial or nonbeneficial. Real perfonnance is based on water uses over a specified period of time, rather than observation of a single irrigation event (with associate potentia...

[1] This paper presents analysis of annual water balance variability, (1) regional (betweencatchment) variability and (2) between-year (interannual) variability and the symmetry between the two. This involved analysis of the annual water balance in terms of a two-stage partitioning, first, of annual precipitation into quick flow and soil wetting and, subsequently, of the resulting soil wetting ...