In this letter, we conduct a comparative study and investigate the relationship between two well-known techniques in hyperspectral image detection and classification: orthogonal subspace projection (OSP) and constrained energy minimization (CEM). It is shown that they are closely related and essentially equivalent provided that the noise is white with large SNR. Based on this relationship, the ...

A 75-year-old man presented to us with sudden onset of profound vision loss in his right eye and was identified as suffering from an ophthalmic artery occlusion. Apart from the retinal whitening and box-carring of the retinal arteries, there were characteristic triangular patches of retinal whitening in the midperipheral temporal fundus indicating a previous lateral posterior choroidal artery o...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this 14-day parallel, double blind clinical trial was to evaluate the tooth whitening efficacy of a 9% hydrogen peroxide gel (Colgate Visible White) relative to a 20% carbamide peroxide gel (Opalescence) positive control. METHODS Forty-six consenting adults were randomly assigned to use one of the two products. All participants had 6 unrestored maxillary anterior teet...

BACKGROUND This study investigated the effects of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) combined with 1.5% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride (CPP-ACPF) on color and microhardness of enamel. MATERIAL AND METHODS Seventy-five bovine incisors were immersed in a tea solution for 7.5 days. The specimens were randomly divided into five groups according to...

BACKGROUND Bacteria associated with marine invertebrates are a rich source of bioactive metabolites. OBJECTIVE The effects of marine bacteria extracts on pigmentation were investigated to find novel whitening agents. METHODS The marine bacteria collected near Gangwha Island in Korea were isolated and extracted using organic solvent. The organic extracts were screened and selected using the ...

AIM To investigate whether retinal changes in children with severe malaria affect visual acuity 1 month after systemic recovery. METHODS All children with severe malaria admitted to a research ward in Malawi during one malaria season were examined by direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy. Visual acuity was tested in those attending follow up by Cardiff cards, Sheridan-Gardiner single letters, or...

The examination of racial classification in Brazil reveals the popularity of the ambiguous moreno and the affirmative negro terms, both non-census terms. Using national survey data, we examine propensities to classify under either of these terms and how educational level, age, sex and local racial composition structure their choice. We find, for example, that low education is positively correla...

The sections above have described an EMG amplitude estimator and an initial application of this estimator to the EMG-torque problem. The amplitude estimator consists of six stages. In the first stage, motion artifact and power-line interference are attenuated. Motion artifact is typically removed with a highpass filter. Elimination of power-line noise is more difficult. Commercial systems tend ...