• Si is the set of (pure) strategies of player i, • S = ∏ i∈N Si is the set of states, • ci : S → R is the cost function of player i ∈ N . In state s ∈ S, player i has a cost of ci(s). We denote by s−i = (s1, ..., si−1, si+1, ..., sn) a state s without the strategy si. This notation allows us to concisely define a unilateral deviation of a player. For i ∈ N , let s ∈ S and si ∈ Si, then (si, s−...

We propose a high mobility superconductor gate nMOSFET using undoped Si as the substrate. We have studied superconducting NbN gate nMOSFETs fabricated on p-type Si, undoped Si and n-type Si substrate, respectively. The nMOSFETs on undoped Si and n-type Si have operated properly at 4.2 K. The transconductance of nMOSFETs on undoped Si substrate is higher than that of nMOSFET on p-type Si. The di...

Crystalline-Si (c-Si) solar cell with black Si (b-Si) layer at the rear was studied in order to develop c-Si solar cell with sub-band gap photovoltaic response. The b-Si was made by chemical etching. The c-Si solar cell with b-Si at the rear was found to perform far better than that of similar structure but with no b-Si at the rear, with the efficiency being increased relatively by 27.7%. This ...

Herein, we report the formation of multisegment Si-Ge axial heterostructure nanowires in a wet chemical synthetic approach. These nanowires are grown by the liquid injection of the respective silicon and germanium precursors into the vapor phase of an organic solvent in which a tin-coated stainless steel substrate is placed. The Si-Ge transition is obtained by sequential injection with the more...

The water resource shortage in North China Plain is an increasing threat to the sustainabilityof wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production. A two-year field experiment was conducted toexamine the effects of two supplemental irrigation (SI) methods on wheat flag leaf senescence,chlorophyll fluorescence and grain yield. The following field treatments were conducted:no irrigation (W0); SI with 60 mm...

Background and Objectives: The construct of spiritual intelligence (henceforth SI) encompasses some kind of adaptation and problem-solving behavior. SI also includes the highest levels of development in diverse cognitive, ethical, emotional, and interpersonal domains. The purpose of this study is thus to examine SI and learning style of high school students in Lamerd, Fars, Iran. Methods: The ...