background : ticks are blood feeder acarians that feed on variety of animals and introduce a wide variety of molecules to their host immune system and some of them may stimulate host immune system to produce antibodies. this study was carried out to detect humoral immune responses following boophilus annulatus infestation. methods: seven cattle were each experimentally infested with 10000 b. an...

recent technological improvements have extended the application range of dielectric permittivity biomass measurements to on-line monitoring of physiological changes during bacterial fermentations. in an industrial fermentation of bacillus thuringiensis, it is important to verify the intactness of bacterial plasmid content in all steps of culture. changes in certain plasmid resident properties o...

undoubtedly, sampling design is an important issue in monitoring of a water distribution network (wdn). the aim of the current paper which focuses on the localization of samplings, is to present a practical method for optimization of the position and number of the pressure measurements. this method works based on the assumption of some leakages in a network and searching for them by nodal press...