Light is one of the many wonders in the architecture Iranian houses. It is a major tool for space creation anddesign. An important consideration in the Iranian architecture, which takes a functional and conceptual approach to the extensive subject of light, has been that light should create a beautiful and spiritual space in addition to being functional. The light used in a house should be plea...

The fall of the caliphate proclaimed in June 2014 by Abu Bakr al Baghdadi from Great Mosque Mosul has brought with it return to Europe thousands foreign terrorist fighters, many them accompanied women and children. And, this sense, Spain not been an exception. There is no doubt that, within subjects who have returned other countries West, there a significant number do so considering their exper...

light is one of the many wonders in the architecture iranian houses. it is a major tool for space creation anddesign. an important consideration in the iranian architecture, which takes a functional and conceptual approach to the extensive subject of light, has been that light should create a beautiful and spiritual space in addition to being functional. the light used in a house should be plea...

Arwˆ bint Aúmad (d. 532/1137) ruled in Yemen for Ž fty-Ž ve years. She played an important political role and at the same time occupied the highest rank in the Ismˆ’“l“ religious hierarchy after that of the imam. Her religious policies, particularly her special relations with the Fatimids, led to the transfer of the Fatimid literary legacy to Yemen, and hence to its preservation following the f...

This article is concerned with the representation of al-ʿAbbās b. al-Walīd’s involvement in Muhallabid revolt (102/720) and third fitna (126–36/744–54) across Arabic-Islamic Christian sources. The contribution makes a case for study “minor figures” as means to contend eulogizing historiographical re-imagining Marwānid past by later ʿAbbāsid compilers. It sheds light on status concubine-born son...

Kertas kerja ini telah dibentangkan di Persidangan Kuala Lumpur Summit yang diadakan Turkiye pada Disember 2022. membincangkan persoalan adakah usaha gerakan Islam Dunia umumnya dan Asia Tenggara khususnya sepanjang satu kurun pertama selepas kejatuhan khilafah merupakan sebuah projek pembangunan peradaban sebenar. Projek lahir daripada kefahaman tentang konsep hadarah sebenar menuntut proses p...

Abstract The mystical method of taḥqīq (‘realization’ or ‘verification’ divine truth), as promoted by the Andalusian thinker Ibn ‘Arabi (d. 1240), was central to project managing religious difference in Mughal empire. key architect deploying for imperial purposes emperor Akbar's senior minister, ideologue, and spiritual devotee, Abu al-Fazl. Specifically, I analyse how concept appears al-Fazl's...