UNLABELLED This paper investigates the hypothesis that stuttering may result in part from impaired readout of feedforward control of speech, which forces persons who stutter (PWS) to produce speech with a motor strategy that is weighted too much toward auditory feedback control. Over-reliance on feedback control leads to production errors which if they grow large enough, can cause the motor sys...

What drives flow unsteadiness in the shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction? Two mechanisms are widely recognized to play a role this problem: upstream forcing and downstream feedback. In work, through combined use of system identification, spectral decomposition, linear stability analysis, we demonstrate that feedback, driven by traveling acoustic waves, is dominant mechanism behind l...

We investigated auditory and somatosensory feedback contributions to the neural control of speech. In task I, sensorimotor adaptation was studied by perturbing one of these sensory modalities or both modalities simultaneously. The first formant (F1) frequency in the auditory feedback was shifted up by a real-time processor and/or the extent of jaw opening was increased or decreased with a force...

Although protective effects of the cochlea's efferent feedback pathways have been well documented, prior work has focused on hair cell damage and cochlear threshold elevation and, correspondingly, on the high sound pressure levels (>100 dB SPL) necessary to produce them. Here we explore the noise-induced loss of cochlear neurons that occurs with lower-intensity exposures and in the absence of p...

ADAPTIVE RESONANT MODE ACTIVE NOISE CONTROL Adam K. Smith, MS University of Pittsburgh, 2005 Low frequency sound waves propagating in a duct is ideally suited for active noise control (ANC) applications. Unlike passive treatments, ANC utilizes an acoustic actuator (loudspeaker) to cancel unwanted sound fields. There are two main control topologies when considering the active suppression of soun...

This is the second part of a review on the challenges and recent developments in hearing aids. Feedback and the occlusion effect pose great challenges in hearing aid design and usage. Yet, conventional solutions to feedback and the occlusion effect often create a dilemma: the solution to one often leads to the other. This review discusses the advanced signal processing strategies to reduce feed...

Lack of auditory feedback for hearing impaired children leads eventually to a speaking disability in them. Hence, hearing impaired children are unable to speak, in spite of having proper speech production mechanism. Even if the hearing impaired child tries to speak by visualizing lip movements, his articulation, accuracy, stress and intonation patterns are affected, since vowels & consonants wi...