The question of women‘s rights in Islam generates huge interest among Muslims and non-Muslims alike. Scholars of feminism are sharply divided on the question of women‘s status in Islam. One group associates Islam with misogyny and gender oppression, while the other celebrates the religion as a liberatory force for women. Remarkably, despite a surge in female educational attainment and conscious...

T o what extent does the separation of powers affect congressional roll call voting behavior? To answer this question, I offer a strategic model of congressional decision making that asserts members of Congress pursue public policy goals when casting roll call votes. From the equilibrium predictions of a formal model, I generate testable hypotheses by computing the expected net amount of sophis...

Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) vaccine which is prepared in Razi Institute is used in endemic areas ofIran. Aluminum-hydroxide gel was used as adjuvant for preparing this vaccine. Post-vaccinal shock reactionswere the main complaint after use of this vaccine. In a previous study, we could improve the vaccine byalum-precipitation Pasteurella multocida cells and removing the liquid phase. In this ...

Stable isotopes (Deuterium and Oxygen-18) have a broad application in many of water related sciences. Precipitation is the most important input to the water cycle which shows considrable spatial and temporal variability in its isotope content. To study the precipitation isotope content, 51 samples from August 2015 to July 2016 have been collected mainly on a monthly basis with few events based ...

We present novel results that relate energy and information transfer with sensitivity to initial conditions in chaotic multi-dimensional Hamiltonian systems. We show the relation among Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy, Lyapunov exponents, and upper bounds for the Mutual Information Rate calculated in the Hamiltonian phase space and on bi-dimensional subspaces. Our main result is that the net amount of ...

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