This paper presents the effects of introducing hydrogen with gasoline on the engine performance like power, torque and efficiency of spark ignition (SI) engine. Hydrogen is found to be one of the important energy substitutes of the future era. Hydrogen as a renewable energy source provides the potential for a sustainable development, particularly in the automotive and energy storing sector. Hyd...

There have been a number of gasoline specifications that have changed or have been considered for change in the past few years. The most prominent of these changes has been summer volatility restrictions, wintertime oxygenated fuel requirements, and reformulated gasoline requirements which incorporate year-round oxygenate requirements and summertime emission requirements. For reasons described ...

Calculations are described of knock suppression using direct ethanol injection in spark ignition gasoline/ethanol engines. The calculations show that evaporative cooling from direct ethanol injection, coupled with the high octane rating of ethanol, can be highly effective in inhibiting knock, thereby allowing use of small turbocharged engines with substantially increased efficiency. The calcula...

Exposure to the aromatic hydrocarbon is a public health problem and threat to environment with proven harmful impact on humanity, including industrial workers and general population. Petrol station attendants are workers chronically exposed at least five year to petroleum derivatives primarily through inhalation of the volatile fraction of petrol during vehicle refueling. Significant include ha...

background: exposure to organic solvents is common among workers. objective: to assess neurobehavioral effects of long-term exposure to organic solvents among rubber workers in tehran, iran. methods: across-sectional study was conducted on 223 employees of a rubber industry. the participants completed a data collection sheet on their occupational and medical history, and demographic characteris...

The studies of CNG/gasoline dual-fuel engine system model are relatively few. The design deficiencies of CNG/gasoline dual-fuel engine speed controller exist. In this paper, the design and simulation of CNG/gasoline engine speed controller based on Matlab were put forward. On the basis of reasonable CNG engine model, the digital PID speed controller and adaptive fuzzy PID speed controller model...

The authors propose a econometric model of both the geographic locations of gasoline retailers in Singapore, as well as price competition between these retailers conditional on their geographic locations. Although market demand for gasoline are not observed, the authors are able to infer the effects of such demand from stations’ location and pricing decisions using available data on local marke...

Benzene is used as an additive into gasoline to increase octane rating and prevent engine knocking. Being a toxic air pollutant known to have carcinogenic effects, knowledge of its concentration can be of aid in the assessment of possible health hazards to persons handling and using gasoline. The U.S. Federal Clean Air Act and the European Community specifications mandate a level of benzene in ...

This study discusses the performance and exhaust emissions of a vehicle fueled with low content alcohol (ethanol and methanol) blends and pure gasoline. The vehicle tests were performed at wide-open throttle and at vehicle speeds of 40 km h 1, 60 km h 1, 80 km h 1 and 100 km h 1 by using an eddy current chassis dynamometer. The test results obtained with the use of alcoholegasoline blends (5 an...