india and zionist regime relationships have had many ups and downs over the past six decades. indians have been among the supporters of arabs for a long time and had been backing the palestinian issue long before the partition plan of palestine. india had proved no tendency to improve its relationship with israel regardless of jews and the occupier government‘s massive efforts over four decades...

With the rise of video sharing giants like Youtube and Google Video, coupled with increased broadband connectivity and improved sharing functionality across social networking sites, the role of the viral video has been cemented in many IMC strategies. While most agree about the importance of better understanding viral marketing, there is less agreement about what makes content become viral. Whi...

Iranian civilization is one of the oldest and most influential civilizations of history, and Iran as the origin of Persian civilization, has been ruled by numerous states throughout history. Some of them, while enjoying considerable glory and high level of economic and political power, have sometimes been declined and finally overthrown. Having these points in mind, the main questions are prese...

abstract from historical view point geopolitical factors have encouraged the politicians to be ambitious. countries of the world by making use of geopolitical potentials try to maintain stability and promote their status in world affairs. among the countries of the persian gulf region qatar is one of those countries which in recent regional developments have had geopolitical dynamic and have pl...

This paper, while focused primarily on the narrative transformation of Sadeq Chubak’s Tangsir from novel to film adaptation, offers a general survey of adaptation history in Iran and also investigates the nature of Iranian adaptation from both foreign and domestic sources. Drawing on Gerard Genette’s theories of Narratology, especially his notion of hypertextuality, transpragma...

Health reformers have an established record of losing. Going into 2009, there were plenty of reasons to believe that they would fail again. A polarized political environment, soaring budget deficits, and myriad other obstacles stood in the way. Yet the Obama administration and congressional Democrats defied the odds. Democrats won the 2009-10 health reform battle by successfully applying lesson...

We examine some recent cases in which stabilisation has failed for political reasons, in the process developing a model of political response to crisis which stems from the ‘survival strategy’ literature. Alongside the ‘standard’ correlations of stabilisation failure with inequality and deficiencies in social capital, we also draw attention in this context to the ability of ‘pro-poor expenditur...

In the former Soviet Union during the Khrushchev-Brezhnev era, the KGB used its forensic psychiatric institutions to brand, arbitrarily and for political reasons, large numbers of political dissidents as suffering from “schizophrenia” and “paranoid psychosis,” and then incarcerated them for long periods in “special psychiatric hospitals.” In 1976, the Soviet Union was severely censured on this ...