in this study a pseudo comprehensive carbon footprint model for fossil fuel power plants is presented. parameters which their effects are considered in this study include: plant type, fuel type, fuel transmission type, internal consumption of the plant, degradation, site ambient condition, transmission and distribution losses. investigating internal consumption, degradation and site ambient con...

The Robust Coloring Problem (RCP) is a generalization of the well-known Graph Coloring Problem where we seek for a solution that remains valid when extra edges are added. The RCP is used in scheduling of events with possible last-minute changes and study frequency assignments of the electromagnetic spectrum. This problem has been proved as NP-hard and in instances larger than 30 vertices, meta-...

Although the use of possible worlds in semantics has been very fruitful and is now widely accepted, there is a puzzle about the standard definition of validity in possible-worlds semantics that has received little notice and virtually no comment. A sentence of an intensional language is typically said to be valid just in case it is true at every world under every model on every model structure ...

My discussion will be focussed on the notion of a property. I first present the standard intensional definition of a property, which is formulated in terms of possible worlds, and outline some of the philosophical problems this definition leads to. Then I introduce the notion of a conceptual space and show how such spaces can be used as a basis for a new criterion of what a property is. This cr...

In this paper we discuss ground logics, a family of nonmonotonic modal logics, with the goal of using them in knowledge representation. Ground logics are based on the idea of minimizing the knowledge expressed by non-modal formulae. The nonmonotonic character of the logics can be described either by a x-point equation or by means of a preference relation on possible-worlds models. We address bo...

Virtual worlds are utterly contrived and artificial simulations of the actual world. As such, they offer exciting new opportunities to question taken-for-granted, supposedly naturally-occurring binaries such as subject/objects, human/non-human, and reality/fantasy and to explore computer-mediated work and play in ways that do not rely on a priori boundaries between people and technology, online...

The best world that an omnipotent God could create is the best of all logically possible worlds. Accordingly, it has been supposed that if the actual world was created by an omnipotent, perfectly good God, it must be the best of all logically possible worlds. In this paper I shall argue that ethical views typical of the Judeo-Christian religious tradition do not require the JudeoChristian theis...

at Knoxville. We are grateful to Kim Bloomquist and John Deskins for many helpful comments and discussions during this research. Michael Jones programmed the experiments. provided very able assistance in running the experiments. Funding for this research was provided by the Internal Revenue Service (TIRNO – 03 – R – 00027). All results and interpretations are those of the authors.