decreasing changes of climatic elements such as: daily precipitation, weekly precipitation, seasonal precipitation and annual precipitation can be toward to drought phenomena. the recognition it and planning for passing it, could be decreasing of disasters, because create of drought is slow but it effects is very damages. the aim of this paper is descriptive analyze and it type of research is a...

The hydrometeorology of the Amazon basin in the ERA-40 reanalysis for 1958–2001 is compared with observations of precipitation, temperature, and streamflow. After 1979, the reanalysis over the Amazon has a small cool bias of the order of 0.35 K, and a small low bias of precipitation of the order of 0.3 mm day . In the early years (1958–72), there is a large upward drift in reanalysis precipitat...

Climate change will result in increased precipitation variability with more extreme events reflected in more frequent droughts as well as more frequent extremely wet conditions. The increase in precipitation variability will occur at different temporal scales from intra to inter-annual and even longer scales. At the intra-annual scale, extreme precipitation events will be interspersed with prol...

Gridding of daily precipitation data alleviates many of the limitations of data that are derived from point observations, such as problems associated with missing data and the lack of spatial coverage. As a result, gridded precipitation data can be valuable for applied climatological research and monitoring, but they too have limitations. To understand the limitations of gridded data more fully...

Variation in quantities such as precipitation and temperature is often assessed by detecting and characterizing trends in available meteorological data. The objective of this study was to determine the long-term trends in annual precipitation and mean annual air temperature for the state of Kentucky. Non-parametric statistical tests were applied to homogenized and (as needed) pre-whitened annua...

Land, livestock, and wildlife managers need to understand the nutritional dynamics of forages to sustain adequate growth and reproduction of their animals and/or assure equitable payment for forages. Despite a long history of livestock grazing in the northern Great Basin, seasonal and annual nutritional dynamics of many of the region’s prominent grasses have not been described. We addressed thi...

a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: South American summer monsoon oxygen isotopes precessional forcing abrupt climate change lake sediments Oxygen isotope ratios of authigenic calcite (δ 18 O cal) measured at annual to decadal resolution from Laguna Pumacocha document Andean precipitation variability during the last 11,200 years. Modern limnological data show that Pumacocha δ 18 O cal reflects the ...

Due to the lack of available long-term climatic records, data related to past autumn precipitation variability throughout Northwest China, especially high-frequency variation, remains limited. In this study, it was found that inter-annual changes in Qinghai spruce radial growth were significantly and negatively (p < 0.05) correlated to inter-annual differences in precipitation during the late g...

[1] Three years (2009–2011) of near-continuous methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes were measured with the eddy covariance (EC) technique at a temperate peatland located within the Marcell Experimental Forest, in northern Minnesota, USA. The peatland was a net source of CH4 and a net sink of CO2 in each year with annual carbon budgets of 26.8 ( 18.7), 15.5 ( 14.8), and 14.6 ( 21.5) g C...