The influence of compaction water content on the structure has been well known forclayey soils, but has never been studied for granular materials. In this paper the structure of a nonplastictill and the effect of compaction moisture is investigated by means of water retention curvestudy, scanning electron microscopy and mercury intrusion porosimetry tests. The results show thatwhen compacted on...

In this paper we introduce a general framework for compaction on a torus. This problem comes up whenever an array of identical cells has to be compacted. We instantiate our framework with several specific compaction algorithms: one-dimensional compaction without and with automatic jog insertion and two-dimensional com-

Using transverse magnetic tweezers, we studied the dynamics of DNA compaction induced by hexaammine cobalt chloride under constant forces. Discontinuous DNA compaction events were found for forces ranging from 0.5 to 1.7 pN, with approximately 270 nm DNA adsorbed in each compaction event. Forces larger than 6 pN were found able to unravel the toroid in a similar intermittent stepwise manner. Th...

Caterpillar compaction NA compaction, say Ryan Case, YunPei Chang, Nicholas Cozzarelli, Carlos Bustamante, and colleagues (University of California, Berkeley, CA), may work via a cooperative caterpillar-like mechanism. The caterpillar is formed by multiple copies of condensin protein—in this case MukBEF—with each V-shaped condensin contributing two legs. Compaction occurs when the caterpillar’s...

Caterpillar compaction NA compaction, say Ryan Case, YunPei Chang, Nicholas Cozzarelli, Carlos Bustamante, and colleagues (University of California, Berkeley, CA), may work via a cooperative caterpillar-like mechanism. The caterpillar is formed by multiple copies of condensin protein—in this case MukBEF—with each V-shaped condensin contributing two legs. Compaction occurs when the caterpillar’s...

Oscillatory pumping tests-in which flow is varied in a periodic fashion-provide a method for understanding aquifer heterogeneity that is complementary to strategies such as slug testing and constant-rate pumping tests. During oscillatory testing, pressure data collected at non-pumping wells can be processed to extract metrics, such as signal amplitude and phase lag, from a time series. These me...

Groundwater is one of the most important water resources in Fars province. Based on this study, 95 percent of the total annual water consumption in Fars is used for agriculture, whereas the percentages for domestic and industrial uses are 4 and 1 percent, respectively. Population growth, urban and industrial growth, and agricultural development in Fars have created a condition of water stress. ...

Groundwater is one of the most important water resources in Fars province. Based on this study, 95 percent of the total annual water consumption in Fars is used for agriculture, whereas the percentages for domestic and industrial uses are 4 and 1 percent, respectively. Population growth, urban and industrial growth, and agricultural development in Fars have created a condition of water stress. ...