he expanding presence of geographic information system (GIS) offices within organizations has helped to enhance the availability of GIS data and expertise, but not always to the benefit of the entire organization within which it is working. The separation— and frequently, isolation—of GIS specialists within agencies, institutions, and organizations often limits the potential usefulness of GIS t...

A common—perhaps modal—representation of geography in spatial analysis and geographic information systems is native (unexamined) objects interacting based on simple distance and connectivity relationships within an empty Euclidean space. This is only one possibility among a large set of geographic representations that can support quantitative analysis. Through the vehicle of GIS, many researche...

The Internet technology has already changed the Information Society in profound ways, and will continue to do so. Nowadays many people foresee that there is a similar trajectory for the next generation of Internet Grid Technology. As an emerging computational and networking infrastructure, Grid Computing is designed to provide pervasive, uniform and reliable access to data, computational and hu...

The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) has become a popular measure of drought across the globe. In this study, Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was used in annual period of time to survey on drought. Also, in order to zonation frequency of drought, geographic information system (GIS) software and Kriging method used for extracting dry areas. The zoning maps show most severe drought i...

 Background: Although experiments on water quality are time consuming and expensive, models are often employed as supplement to simulate water quality. Artificial neural network (ANN) is an efficient tool in hydrologic studies, yet it cannot predetermine its results in the forms of maps and geo-referenced data. Methods: In this study, ANN was applied to simulate groundwater quality ...

Advances in geographic information system (GIS) technology, developed by geographers, provide new opportunities for environmental epidemiologists to study associations between environmental exposures and the spatial distribution of disease. A GIS is a powerful computer mapping and analysis technology capable of integrating large quantities of geographic (spatial) data as well as linking geograp...

Environmental models and modeling frameworks typically do not represent geographic information in a way that enables the direct translation of this information between geographic information systems (GIS) and the model or modeling framework. Parameters of the characteristics of geographic features are processed as part of a model’s mathematical solution and are thus explicitly represented in th...

background: tuberculosis (tb) spread pattern is influenced by geographic and social factors. nowadays geographic information system (gis) is one of the most important epidemiological instrumentation identifying high-risk population groups and geographic areas of tb. the aim of this study was to determine the correlation between climate and geographic distribution of tb in khuzestan province usi...