Computerized tomography was used to evaluate 35 patients with senile dementia and proved to be a simple and practical screening procedure. Those patients with moderate or severe cerebral atrophy had a poorer short-term prognosis than those with questionable or mild atrophy. Two patients with potentially treatable illnesses (hypothyroidism and pernicious anaemia) and only questionable atrophy ha...

OBJECTIVES To investigate whether APOE ε4 carriers have higher hippocampal atrophy rates than non-carriers in Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and controls, and if so, whether higher hippocampal atrophy rates are still observed after adjusting for concurrent whole-brain atrophy rates. METHODS MRI scans from all available visits in ADNI (148 AD, 307 MCI, 167 controls) ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS We conducted a 3-year longitudinal study concerning factors associated with changes in brain atrophy in elderly diabetic patients. METHODS We evaluated hippocampal and global brain atrophy using automatic voxel-based morphometry of structural magnetic resonance images, 4 cognitive function tests, and cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) in 66 diabetic patients. RESULTS During...

PURPOSE To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of Stratus optical coherence tomography (OCT) with its internal normative database to detect diffuse retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) atrophy in glaucoma subjects. METHODS One hundred two eyes of 102 glaucoma patients with diffuse RNFL atrophy and 102 healthy eyes of 102 age-matched subjects were enrolled in the Diffuse Atrophy Imaging Study. Two...

BACKGROUND Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to investigate the in vivo pathology of frontotemporal lobar degeneration. However, few neuroimaging studies have focused on white matter (WM) alterations in this disease. OBJECTIVES To use volumetric MRI techniques to identify the patterns of WM atrophy in vivo in 2 clinical variants of frontotemporal lobar degeneration-fro...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Progressive brain atrophy is a well-known feature of multiple sclerosis (MS). We characterized the spatial evolution of atrophy in different MS phenotypes. METHODS Dual-echo and T1-weighted MR images were obtained in 70 patients with MS and 10 healthy control subjects at entry and after 15 months. Within-group changes in regional atrophy were assessed by applying Struct...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Infratentorial abnormalities may cause cognitive deficits, but current research criteria for vascular dementia (VaD) do not consider them. Our purposes were to determine the prevalence of infratentorial abnormalities in VaD, their relation with supratentorial abnormalities, and whether they are relevant to cognition. METHODS We examined 182 patients (120 men, mean age=7...

Multiple system atrophy is characterized by autonomic failure along with motor symptoms of parkinsonism and/or cerebellar ataxia. There are differing reports on the influence of certain clinical features, including motor subtype (multiple system atrophy-parkinsonism versus multiple system atrophy-cerebellar ataxia), age of onset, gender, and early autonomic symptoms, on the survival in patients...

A 50-year-old man presented with 9-years history of pro gressive ataxia. His father had undiagnosed ataxia. Exa mi nation showed ataxia and pyramidal signs. Brain MRI: olivopontocerebellar atrophy; spine MRI: global spinal cord atrophy (Figure). Genetic test confirmed spinocerebellar ataxia type-1 (SCA1). SCA1 is characterized by cerebellar ataxia with va riable degrees of ophthalmoplegia, pyra...