In visual media, men are often shown with more facial prominence than women, a manifestation of sexism that has been labeled face-ism. The present research extended the study of facial prominence and gender representation in media to include magazines aimed at lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) audiences for the first time, and also examined whether overall gender differences in fac...

The authors conducted a content analysis of couple images in advertisements in six consumer magazines (Cosmopolitan, Vogue, Glamour, Men’s Health, Esquire, and GQ) published in 2005 and 2006. The results suggest that the typical couple image portrayed in ads in mainstream magazines was a young, heterosexual Caucasian couple with thin bodies and a trendy style either posing in front of the camer...

The craft of data visualization is quietly being taught to the world at large, not in classrooms and courses, but by a more powerful force: ordinary exposure to newspapers, magazines, annual reports and the like. These forms of communication have helped to make a few graphing techniques ubiquitous and familiar, and have bestowed on them the sheen of being professional, accepted and approved. Al...

BACKGROUND Nowadays, plastic surgeries are among the most popular types of surgeries around the world and Iran has one of the highest rankings in this respect regarding its population size. Based on these facts, the present study was conducted in order to evaluate the volunteers’ motivations attitudes and informational sources in Tehran, Iran. METHODS The study was conducted on a cross-secti...

Based on gender schema theory, social role theory, and social-cognitive theory, this study investigated whether biological sex and gender conformity (femininity and masculinity) predict selective exposure to gender-typed magazines and whether this exposure, in turn, reinforces gender conformity. Participants browsed full issues—three women’s magazines, three associated with male readers, and th...

Popular media events of today are likely to attract a big, live audience. Being part of a huge cricket audience, for example, knowing that the event is broadcast to perhaps millions of people, is a truly arousing experience. But the size of the audience and the complexity of events do not come without drawbacks. Spectators find it difficult to be at the right spot at the right time and to grasp...

Using data from American magazines, we explore the relationship between newsstand and subscription prices and magazine characteristics. In particular, we distinguish between magazines that provide benefits in the future (investment magazines) versus those that are simply fun to read now (leisure magazines). A consumer with a present bias at the newsstand discounts the future payoff of the inves...

In this study, the content analysis method was used in accordance with predetermined form to analyze design elements cover by examining visual features of children’s magazine designs that started its broadcasting life after republic and recently our country. Content is a renewable, objective approach which texts are first systematically arranged words organized into small units arranging them a...