introduction: mortality rate of breast cancer has been fallen in recent years. combination of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil(cmf), as a pioneer of adjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancer, and later introduced anthracycline/taxane(a/t)-based regimens have both produced favorable outcomes in early-stage breast cancer. the current study, aimed to evaluate the probably different ...

A number of different hemorrhoids' treatment modalities were introduced and discussed during last two decades. Different level of evidence supports one or another approach and new data emerge constantly. Decision to apply particular method of treatment force clinicians to make thorough judgment. The article presents the newest data about different aspects of hemorrhoids management focusing on p...

BACKGROUND Opioid misuse and abuse occurring in association with the treatment of chronic non-cancer pain are not new phenomena, but their increasing prevalence in recent years is unprecedented. Advancements in pharmaceutical technologies have provided opioid-related drugs, which lack the pure mu agonist activity characteristic of the typical opioid congeners. This absent or altered mu receptor...

introduction intensity-modulated radiotherapy (imrt) is becoming an increasingly routine treatment method. imrt can be delivered by use of conventional multileaf collimators (mlcs) and/or physical compensators. one of the most important factors in selecting an appropriate imrt technique is integral dose. integral dose is equal to the mean energy deposited in the total irradiated volume of the p...

BACKGROUND Active home-based treatment represents a new model of health care. Chronic treatment requires continuous access to facilities that provide cancer care, with considerable effort, particularly economic, on the part of patients and caregivers. Oral chemotherapy could be limited as a consequence of poor compliance and adherence, especially by elderly patients. METHODS We selected 30 ca...

This paper shows how the identiication step in several identiication for control schemes can be performed in a uniied and simpliied manner. We utilize a particularly simple indirect method for closed-loop identiica-tion and show how the x noise model/preelter should be chosen in order to match the identiication and control criteria.

OBJECTIVES Indirect comparison methods have been increasingly used to assess the effectiveness of different interventions comparatively. This study evaluated a Trial Similarity and Evidence Consistency Assessment (TSECA) framework for assessing key assumptions underlying the validity of indirect comparisons. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING We applied the TSECA framework to 94 Cochrane Systematic Rev...