Capacity credits, i.e., metrics that describe the contribution of different technologies in meeting load during peak periods, are widely used context long-term energy-system optimization models to ensure a pre-defined level firm capacity. In same vain, such capacity credits may be markets reflect availability an asset periods load. For storage it seems there is discrepancy between credit correc...

1 Tree diversity in forests may be maintained by variability in seedling recruitment. Although forest ecologists have emphasized the importance of canopy gaps in generating spatial variability that might promote tree regeneration, the effects of canopy gaps on seedling recruitment may be offset by dense forest understories. 2 Large annual fluctuations in recruitment processes, coupled with the ...

High resolution maps of urban vegetation and biomass are powerful tools for policy-makers and community groups seeking to reduce rates of urban runoff, moderate urban heat island effects, and mitigate the effects of greenhouse gas emissions. We developed a very high resolution map of urban tree biomass, assessed the scale sensitivities in biomass estimation, compared our results with lower reso...

the sefidrud dam was constructed and made operational in iran in 1962. the reservoir lost a considerable amount of its storage capacity in the first two decades of its operation when about 800 mcm sediment deposited in it and by considering the total capacity, 1800 mcm, the live storage capacity was reduced by 45 percent in 1980. the gilan project authorities have attempted to recreate the rese...

To estimate global gross primary production (GPP), which is an important parameter for studies of vegetation productivity and the carbon cycle, satellite data are useful. In 2014, the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) plans to launch the Global Change Observation Mission-Climate (GCOM-C) satellite carrying the second-generation global imager (SGLI). The data obtained will be used to est...

harvesting time of kiwifruit can influence quality characteristics. the current research was carried out according to a completely randomized design with three replications at faculty of agricultural sciences, university of guilan in 2009. weight loss, flesh firmness, total soluble solid (tss), titritable acidity (ta), ascorbic acid, total phenol content and antioxidant capacity of harvested fr...

The amount of task-irrelevant information encoded in visual working memory (VWM), referred to as unnecessary storage, has been proposed as a potential mechanism underlying individual differences in VWM capacity. In addition, a number of studies have provided evidence for additional activity that initiates the filtering process originating in the frontal cortex and basal ganglia, and is therefor...

This study presents an “Earth observation-based” method for estimating root zone storage capacity – a critical, yet uncertain parameter in hydrological and land surface modelling. By assuming that vegetation optimises its root zone storage capacity to bridge critical dry periods, we were able to use state-of-the-art satellite-based evaporation data computed with independent energy balance equat...