introduction: while human endothelial progenitor cells (epcs) have been a subject of somehow extensive investigation, epcs from adult mouse hematopoietic system were poorly studied. present investigation is focused on fvb mouse endothelial progenitor cells in terms of their isolation, purification, and expansion. materials and methods: mononuclear cells collected from murine peripheral blood we...

Background and objectives: Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) inhibition results in an increase in apoptosis. It has been demonstrated that NF-κB subunit p65 phosphorylation at the IκB kinase phosphorylation site serine 536 (Ser536) is essential for the NF-κB nuclear translocation and activation. Therefore, NF-κB can be downregulated by suppressing its phosph...

Background: The immune-mediated responses in vascular cells may include the increased expression of endothelial adhesion molecules, leukocyte rolling and infiltration, cellular lipid dysregulation and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) differentiation. Investigating the cellular and molecular events involved in the rolling process is useful for treatment or prevention of the vessel stenosis es...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chronic cerebral ischemia leads to higher risk for strokes attributable to insufficient collateralization, resulting from inadequate capacity for arteriogenesis and angiogenesis. Patients with Moyamoya disease (MMD) have similar transient ischemic attack frequencies compared to patients with chronic cerebral ischemia with other etiologies, but a strong capacity for arteri...

BACKGROUND The vascular deposition of amyloid known as cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA)--an age-associated condition and a common finding in Alzheimer's disease--compromises cerebral blood flow, causing macro/microhemorrhages and/or cognitive impairment. Very little is known about the mechanisms causing CAA-related degeneration of cerebral vascular cells. The Dutch E22Q familial amyloid-β (Aβ)...

Little is known about estrogen receptors and their signaling mechanisms in human cerebral vascular endothelial cells, which is important for understanding cerebral aneurysm pathogenesis in menopausal and postmenopausal women. Estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) and G-protein-coupled receptor 1 (GPER1) were immunocytochemically identified in human cerebral vascular endothelial cells (HCVECs). ERβ was m...

Preconditioning protects endothelial cells as well as neurons from ischemic injury. In 7-d-old rat pups, ligating the carotid artery 1 h before hypoxia damaged the ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere; in contrast, ligating the artery 24 h before hypoxia provided complete neuroprotection. The protective effect of the 24 h artery ligation preconditioning model requires the activation of cAMP response...

Ischemic stroke occurs under a variety of clinical conditions and has different pathogeneses, resulting in necrosis brain parenchyma. Stroke pathogenesis is characterized by neuroinflammation endothelial dysfunction. Some the main processes triggered early stages ischemic damage are rapid activation resident inflammatory cells (microglia, astrocytes cells), cytokines, translocation intercellula...

UNLABELLED Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and the endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) are candidate receptors for the deadly complication cerebral malaria. However, it remains unclear if Plasmodium falciparum parasites with dual binding specificity are involved in cytoadhesion or different parasite subpopulations bind in brain microvessels. Here, we investigated this issue by stud...