In a classical experiment, Shiffrin and Schneider (1977, Experiment 4d) investigated how prolonged and consistent training in visual search for particular alphanumeric characters (digits among letters) affected performance after a change in the search criterion. After training, the participants were told to search a particular diagonal of a 2 3 2 matrix of characters for particular members of t...

Before an outstanding article in 1999 by Richard Holton, weakness of will was identified as an agent's action contrary to his or her better judgment, while other better choices are available. The contemporary account of weakness of will (i.e., Holton’s theory) explains it in terms of intention. Accordingly, weakness of will happens if an agent fails to stick to his or her previously formed inte...

Each homogeneous space of a quasigroup affords a representation of the BoseMesner algebra of the association scheme given by the action of the multiplication group. The homogeneous space is said to be faithful if the corresponding representation of the Bose-Mesner algebra is faithful. In the group case, this definition agrees with the usual concept of faithfulness for transitive permutation rep...

Traditionally, the performance of ocr algorithms and systems is based on the recognition of isolated characters. When a system classifies an individual character, its output is typically a character label or a reject marker that corresponds to an unrecognized character. By comparing output labels with the correct labels, the number of correct recognition, substitution errors misrecognized chara...

This papers examines the issues in recognizing the Devanagari characters in the wild like sign boards, advertisements, logos, shop names, notices, address posts etc. While some works deal with the issues in recognizing the machine printed and the handwritten Devanagari characters, it is not clear if such techniques can be directly applied to the Devanagari characters captured in the wild. Moreo...

Artificial neural network (ANN) have wide applicability in various applications in the life, one of them is apply to recognize characters and numbers, and we know that the Automatic License Plate Recognition (ALPR) is very important in the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) and it is beginning in research and application in Vietnam. Usually, an ALPR system consists of three parts: 1) licen...

In this paper we describe a spoken explanation generator, PLANET, for Japanese Kanji (ideograms), especially Kanji used in people's names. A number of text-to-speech systems for Kanji texts have been proposed but this is the rst one that can explain Kanji characters so as to disambiguate characters from many homophone Kanji candidates. To accomplish this the generator explains the Kanji by usin...