most of the systematic studies used in the development of human embryo culture media have been done first on mouse embryos. the general use of nmri outbred mice is a model for toxicology, teratology and pharmacology. nmri mouse embryo exhibit the two-cell block in vitro. the objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of four kinds of culture media on the development of zygo...

Background: Vitrification of oocytes is a fast-freezing technique, which may affect the quality of the human oocyte, and consequently affects the embryo development, pregnancy and birth. The aim of the current study was to investigate the consequence of in-vitro vitrification on maturation status of immature human oocytes, additionally, expression levels of stress, and apoptosis related genes. ...

The mammalian oocyte has played a prominent role in the development of the science of Cryobiology. Following up on the success of spermatozoa cryopreservation in the late 1940's, attempts to cryopreserve rabbit oocytes using glycerol as the cryoprotectant were undertaken. Unfortunately, the outcomes of these early studies were rather disappointing. The recalcitrance of mammalian oocytes to cryo...

BACKGROUND The ability to cryopreserve mammalian embryos has become an integral part of assisted reproduction, both in human and veterinary medicine. Despite differences in the size and physiological characteristics of embryos from various species, the embryos have been frozen by either of two procedures: slow freezing or vitrification. The aim of our study was to compare the effect of slow fre...

This review summarizes the latest advances and main limitations for the implementation of in vitro embryo production programs in sheep and goats. We describe the laparoscopic assisted technique for oocyte retrieval and propose new insights for follicular manipulation to improve oocyte quality. Further description of the routine conducted in our laboratory for the in vitro process of oocyte matu...

Background: Failed fertilization after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) can be due to a reduced oocyte-activation capacity caused by reduced concentrations and abnormal localization of the oocyte-activation factor phospholipase C (PLC) zeta. Patients with this condition can be helped to conceive by artificial activation of oocytes after ICSI with calcium ionophore (assisted oocyte activa...

The present study aimed at establishing a new cryopreservation method for mouse pancreatic islets by vitrification using hollow fibers as a container. A unique feature of the hollow fiber vitrification (HFV) method is that this method achieves stable vitrification using a minimum volume of cryoprotectant (CPA) solution, thereby ensuring high viability of the islets. The cytotoxicity, optimum co...

This study examined a new method for vitrification of blastocysts that is safe, simple and easy to learn and use. Current vitrification techniques have shortcomings that include the use of dimethyl sulphoxide, one of the more toxic cryoprotectants, and minute containers that are difficult to handle and are usually open to contamination. Cell handling and loading times are very short, which allo...

Background: Cryopreservation of ovarian tissue is an important option for preserving the fertility of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Researchers have used different cryoprotectants and various techniques to improve the cryopreservation of ovaries However, despite significant recent progress, the efficiency of ovary cryopreservation is still low. Zinc is essential for ...