This article analyzes the theoretical and practical aspects of last necessity its characteristics. In cases necessity, if danger can be prevented by other means or stated damage exceeds damage, such to rights interests protected law is considered a deviation from limit specific features. Also, in article, author considers following committed case necessity: first, social relations due necessity...

In fibrous composites, tensile strength of reinforcements exhibits a stochastic nature, and the mechanical properties of the composites are significantly influenced by such strength variability. The present study aims at providing a comparative investigation of the influence of the statistical variation in fiber strength on the tensile properties of unidirectional composites reinforced by bambo...

Tornadoes cause loss of life and damage to property each year in the United States and around the world. The largest impacts come from 'outbreaks' consisting of multiple tornadoes closely spaced in time. Here we find an upward trend in the annual mean number of tornadoes per US tornado outbreak for the period 1954-2014. Moreover, the variance of this quantity is increasing more than four times ...

Antitrust law provides that successful private plaintiffs are entitled to treble damages. Despite this, in antitrust class action litigation, courts have subtly dismantled the treble damage regime by manipulating the standard for reviewing proposed settlements. Federal law requires judicial approval of class action settlements in order to ensure that the class members’ interests are adequately ...

[1] We perform numerical simulations of spontaneous dynamic rupture governed by a slip-weakening law along a bimaterial interface (fault) with off-fault damage in the form of Coulomb plastic yielding. Off-fault plastic yielding stabilizes the wrinkle-like slip pulse in terms of a decreasing rate of slip velocity growth. With a variety of model parameters, ruptures on the fault are bilateral, wh...

Scholars in the burgeoning field of law and emotion have paid surprisingly little attention to family law. This gap is unfortunate because law and emotion has the potential to bring great insights to family law. This Article begins to fill this void-and inaugurate a larger debate about the central role of emotion in family law-by exploring the intriguing and significant consequences for the reg...

Research has indicated that laws requiring use of restraint devices for young children traveling in automobiles have had significant effects in increasing restraint use and reducing crash-related childhood injuries. This study examined dimensions along which the effectiveness of Michigan’s April 1982 mandatory child restraint law varied. All children involved in motor vehicle crashes in Michiga...

Prior to large earthquakes (e.g. 1995 Kobe earthquake, Japan), an increase in the atmospheric radon concentration is observed, and this increase in the rate follows a power-law of the time-to-earthquake (time-to-failure). This phenomenon corresponds to the increase in the radon migration in crust and the exhalation into atmosphere. An irreversible thermodynamic model including time-scale invari...

Law No. 225/1992 established a National Service of Civil Protection, with the important role of 'safeguarding life, goods, settlements and the environment from damage deriving from natural disasters, catastrophes and calamities' (art. 1). This law arranges civil protection as a co-ordinated system of responsibilities administrated by the state, local and public authorities, the world of science...