Many orthopedic residents accrue considerable debt by residency graduation. These debts for graduating medical students continue to increase due to the yearly increase of medical school tuition. The purpose of this study was to examine the causes of financial debt, as well the effects of debt on orthopedic residents.Orthopedic residents from postgraduate years 1 to 5 (N=27) completed an anonymo...

The debt experience of the 1920s and 1930s was one of pervasive default. Half the outstanding Latin American debt was completely in default by 1949, and nearly half was serviced on an adjusted basis, having been written down as to principal and interest. Only a tiny 1.9 percent continued to be serviced on the tenns origmally contracted. By comparison, today's debt performance is dramatically su...

Purpose: Studies on suicide for the purpose of gaining insurance payouts are rare globally; analyses of this phenomenon can help us understand it better and achieve more individualized care and support. Method: We used suicide data for the period from 2007 to 2015 from the “Summary Document Concerned with Suicide” released by the Japanese National Police Agency. We organized data on suicide com...

The authors address the need for a better understanding of the reasons for greater indebtedness among today's osteopathic medical students. In May 2000, a survey was mailed to all 219 osteopathic interns at participating institutions in Michigan. The self-administered survey contained 19 questions designed to gather basic financial information, demographic characteristics, and subjective percep...

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 48(6) gambling debts, lying, criminal activity in order to obtain money and the avoidance of paying debts. Additionally, the patient complained of decreased mood with suicidal thoughts, increased psychomotor drive and sleep disturbances. A thorough psychiatric assessment of the patient revealed that during puberty the patient had become hyperactiv...

Despite the downward trend of land prices and the ex-post low return on real estate loans, Japanese banks increased their lending to the real estate sector during the 1990s. We argue that this phenomenon can be explained by the risk-shifting incentives of banks and discover that banks with low capital-to-asset ratios and low franchise value chose high-risk assets such as real estate loans. Unli...

The essence of Quantitative Easing (QE) is to reduce the costs of private borrowing through large-scale purchases of privately issue debts, instead of public debts (Ben Bernanke, 2009). Notwithstanding the effectiveness of this highly unconventional monetary policy in reviving private investment and the economy, it is time to think about the likely impacts of the unwinding of QE (or the reverse...

Assets, debts and other financial products issued by emerging countries are usually considered more speculative than those issued by developed economies. Therefore, relying on traditional rating agencies to invest in these countries is problematic as the information used to assess the economic and market condition in these economies is quickly outdated. Consequently, both the investment opportu...

BACKGROUND Our 2001 study in 5 states found that medical problems contributed to at least 46.2% of all bankruptcies. Since then, health costs and the numbers of un- and underinsured have increased, and bankruptcy laws have tightened. METHODS We surveyed a random national sample of 2314 bankruptcy filers in 2007, abstracted their court records, and interviewed 1032 of them. We designated bankr...