In this paper, we explore the issue of coordination in a manufacturer-retailer supply chain where the manufacturer is socially responsible and invests in CSR activities. On the other hand, the retailer invests in promotional efforts and uses a periodic review order-up-to policy for replenishing items. First, the decentralized decision-making structure is modeled to calculate the minimum accepta...

The sure thing principle and the law of total probability are basic laws in classic probability theory. A disjunction fallacy leads to the violation of these two classical laws. In this paper, an Evidential Markov (EM) decision making model based on Dempster-Shafer (D-S) evidence theory and Markov modelling is proposed to address this issue and model the real human decision-making process. In a...

In this paper, a model of political consensus is introduced. Parties try to reach consensus in forming a government. A government is defined as a pair consisting of a winning coalition and a policy supported by this coalition, where a policy consists of policies on given issues. A party evaluates all governments the party belongs to with respect to some criteria. We allow the criteria to be of ...

For autonomous agents the problem of deciding what to do next becomes increasingly complex when acting in unpredictable and dynamic environments while pursuing multiple and possibly conflicting goals. One of the most relevant behavior-based models that tries to deal with this problem is the behavior network model proposed by Maes. This model proposes a set of behaviors as purposive perception–a...

There are situations that Decision Making Units (DMU’s) have uncertain information and their inputs and outputs cannot alter redially. To this end, this paper combines the rough set theorem (RST) and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and proposes a non-redial Rough-DEA (RDEA) model so called additive rough-DEA model and illustrates the proposed model by a numerical example.  

in today’s business competitive world, decision makers of companies try to employ standard, efficient, theoretical and operational proven methods as a competitive advantage for making their critical strategic business decisions in order to survive in their industry. in this paper, a hybrid model based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (fahp) and artificial neural network (ann) is presented. t...

Organizations spend substantial capital budgets on IT investment in order to achieve potential competitive advantages. However, IT investments are characterized with complexity, uncertainty, and risk. These attributes make appropriate IT investment decision making a challenging task. Decision analysis cycle methodology is a conceptual framework that facilitates achieving clarity of action in di...

In the traditional cost-efficiency model, the information about each decision unit includes inputs, outputs, and the input prices are fixed and specific. In practice, the price of the inputs often fluctuates at different times, and these prices for the decision-making unit are time-dependent. By the traditional method, the efficiency of decision units is impossible in the presence of time-depen...