Gamification, roughly the use of game-like elements to motivate us achieve practical ends “in real world,” makes large promises. According Jane McGonigal, gamification can save world by channelling amazing motivational power gaming into pro-social causes ranging from alienation our work global resource scarcity and feeding hungry (McGonigal 2011). Even much more modest aims like improving perso...

4-G mobile communications system is offering high speed data communications technology having connectivity to all sorts of the networks including 2-G and 3-G mobile networks. Authentication of a mobile subscriber (MS) or a sub network and a main network are an important issue to check and minimize security threats or attacks. An advanced artificial intelligence based mutual authentication syste...

4-G mobile communications system is offering high speed data communications technology having connectivity to all sorts of the networks including 2-G and 3-G mobile networks. Authentication of a mobile subscriber (MS) or a sub network and a main network are an important issue to check and minimize security threats or attacks. An advanced artificial intelligence based mutual authentication techn...

Research on value congruence has attempted to explain why value congruence leads to positive outcomes, but few of these explanations have been tested empirically. In this article, the authors develop and test a theoretical model that integrates 4 key explanations of value congruence effects, which are framed in terms of communication, predictability, interpersonal attraction, and trust. These c...

Map comparison techniques based on a pixel-by-pixel comparison are useful for many purposes, but fail to reveal important aspects of map similarities and differences. In contrast, pattern based map comparison techniques address the question of structural similarity, although with these approaches the comparison problem becomes open ended, since there is an unlimited number of ways to characteri...

Research in Computer-Generated Forces (CGFs) has developed the ability to instantiate a variety of computer-controlled entities that can operate within a virtual battlespace based on the Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS) protocols. Unfortunately, with current technology it is often easy to distinguish between human-controlled and computer-controlled entities because of the predictable na...

project scheduling   net present value   we consider a project scheduling problem with permitted tardiness and discrete time/resource trade-offs under maximum net present value objective. in this problem, a project consists of a set of sequential phases such that each phase contains one or more sub-projects including activities interrelated by finish-start-type precedence relations with a time ...

An inventory model is formulated with type-2 fuzzy parameters under trade credit policy and solved by using Generalized Hukuhara derivative approach. Representing demand parameter of each expert's opinion is a membership function of type-1 and thus, this membership function again becomes fuzzy. The final opinion of all experts is expressed by a type-2 fuzzy variable. For this present problem, t...