Purkinje cells are the principal neurons of the cerebellar cortex and have an extensive and elaborate dendritic tree. Chronic activation of type I metabotropic glutamate receptors inhibits Purkinje cell dendritic growth in organotypic cerebellar slice cultures. This effect is mediated by calcium influx through P/Q-type and T-type Ca(2+) channels. We have now studied the role of the plasma membr...

The accessory cell requirements for cloning T cells in the presence of lectin and T cell growth factors were examined with cells from human peripheral blood. We found that dendritic cells were active and perhaps essential. Single CD4+ lymphocytes could be cloned with 80% efficiency, and CD8+ cells with 50-60% efficiency if 10(3) syngeneic or allogeneic dendritic cells were added. Some T cell cl...

Dendritic cells are professional antigen-presenting cells able to initiate innate and adaptive immune responses against invading pathogens. In response to external stimuli dendritic cells undergo a complete genetic reprogramming that allows them to become, soon after activation, natural killer cell activators and subsequently T cell stimulators. The recent observation that dendritic cells produ...

T cells respond to peptide antigen in association with MHC products on antigen-presenting cells (APCs). A number of accessory or costimulatory molecules have been identified that also contribute to T cell activation. Several of the known accessory molecules are expressed by freshly isolated dendritic cells, a distinctive leukocyte that is the most potent APC for the initiation of primary T cell...

dendritic cells function as the main cellular population responsible for professional antigen presentation and hence for induction of primary immune responses. although they are present in virtually every tissue, nevertheless their number is usually so low that it makes their isolation for studies very difficult. in this study, we purified dendritic cells from mouse spleen by a three-step enric...

The mononuclear phagocyte system, particularly dendritic cells, plays several pivotal roles in the development of multiple sclerosis and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Here, we demonstrate that functionally distinct dendritic cell subpopulations are present in the central nervous system during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. At peak experimental autoimmu...

dendritic cells (dcs) play an important role in induction of cellular immune responses. it seems that dcs that reside in different organs may be distinct in their ability to  induce immune responses. this study was done to address the differences between spleen and liver dcs in induction of immune response and/or tolerance. cd11c+  dcs were separated from the liver and spleen of c57bl/6 mice an...

Cancer immunotherapy, especially treatment with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that block programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) signaling, has attracted attention as a new therapeutic option for cancer. However, only limited number of patients have responded to this approach. In study, we searched compounds enhance the efficacy anti-PD-1 mAb using mixed lymphocyte react...

  Background & Objectives: Antisense peptide nucleic acids (PNA) that target growth essential genes show potent bactericidal properties without cell lysis. We considered the possibility that whether PNA treatment influence the bacteria total nucleic acids content and apply approach to develop a new delivery system to Dendritic cells (DCs). DCs are the most potent antigen presenting cells in th...