Introduction: In recent years, the number of complex coronary angiography (CA) is increasing rapidly. These procedures have a significant contribution to medical exposure to the general population. Exposure of patients to high doses of x-rays could cause deterministic effects on the skin. Therefore, the assessment of radiation doses of patients is of great importance. ...

BACKGROUND Little is known about the mechanisms involved in lung inflammation caused by the inhalation or instillation of nanoparticles. Current research focuses on identifying the particle parameter that can serve as a proper dose metric. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to review published dose-response data on acute lung inflammation in rats and mice after instillation of titanium ...

BACKGROUND Intramedullary nailing under fluoroscopic guidance is a common operation. We studied the intraoperative radiation dose received by both the patient and the personnel. PATIENTS AND METHODS 25 intramedullary nailing procedures of the tibia were studied. All patients suffered from tibial fractures and were treated using the Grosse-Kempf intramedullary nail, with free-hand technique fo...